Navegando por Assunto "Química - História"

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Análise das contribuições de um estudo de caso abordando controvérsias históricas para as discussões sobre natureza da ciência na formação inicial de professores de química
(2019) Lima, Cicera Gondim de; Silva, Cristiane Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1000796161353860
Many researches in the field of chemistry teaching point out the importance of including the history of science in scientific disciplines. Certainly, the teaching of the history of science not only helps in understanding about science and its development, but also the way students will express themselves, exposing their opinions. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the contributions of a case study containing historical controversies on the theory of valence for discussions about the nature of science. For that, a case study containing a historical controversy on the development of valence theory was applied in a History of Chemistry class of the UFRPE / UAST Chemistry undergraduate course. In addition to the case study, which was filmed, in order to analyze the discussions carried out by the licensees, an initial and final questionnaire was also applied in order to verify the students' knowledge. The results indicate that the case study favored some discussions about the nature of science to emerge during case discussions, which indicates the historical case study as a good strategy for discussions about science.
As "Disquisitiones" do naturalista arruda da câmara (1752-1811) e as relações entre a química e a fisiologia no final do século das luzes
(1998) Almeida, Argus Vasconcelos de; Magalhães, Francisco de Oliveira
O presente trabalho pretende resgatar o campo de validade das "Disquisitiones" do naturalista Arruda da Câmara, situando-as no contexto histórico-científico do final do século das luzes. Assim, tenta-se reconstruir o debate travado entre as diversas teorias que serviram de pano de fundo das relações entre a Química e a Fisiologia da época. Objetiva-se superar, desse modo, uma história da ciência de cunho empiricista que, no seu conteúdo, elimina as controvérsias, os obstáculos epistemológicos e ideológicos, as teorias "falsas": fruto de erros e divagações. Apresenta a ciência, enfim, como um produto acabado, praticada por sábios solitários, descomprometidos com as questões políticas e sociais do seu tempo. Tal não acontece com Arruda da Câmara, sobre o qual, é impossível ignorar o papel, que parece ter exercido, como cidadão, de uma ação política marcante, na preparação do movimento revolucionário republicano de 1817, em Pernambuco. Tenta-se mostrar que esse papel não foi desvinculado da sua notável obra científica. Muito pelo contrário, era parte integrante da sua formação iluminista, que, pressupunha um otimismo no poder da razão em reorganizar o mundo humano. Do ponto de vista da sua organização, o presente trabalho, divide-se em três partes: na primeira, é apresentada, pela primeira vez, uma tradução integral das "Disquisitiones"; na segunda, a tese do naturalista é discutida no contexto das diversas doutrinas químicas e fisiológicas do final do Séc. XVIII, e na terceira, é apresentado um resumo biográfico e analise da ação do naturalista no contexto histórico do Nordeste, principalmente em Pernambuco, de sua época.
Medicamentos da alquimia espagírica baseados na destilação de produtos e excreções humanas na obra de John French (1616-1657)
(EDUFRPE, 2013) Almeida, Argus Vasconcelos de
Os principais acontecimentos da química orgânica: uma revisão da literatura
(2024-02-19) Souza, Thaysa Gabryelly Oliveira Santos de; Oliveira, Ronaldo Nascimento de; Guimarães, Bruna Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8039374118267678; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9071551767043294; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2123178319020140
The history of organic chemistry is a fascinating narrative that spans centuries, marked by crucial discoveries, theoretical advancements, and fundamental transfor-mations in the understanding of organic matter. For this work, a literature review was conducted through books, dissertations, theses, and articles to identify, present, and comprehend the key events in organic chemistry. It can be asserted that organic chemistry began in the 19th century with Wöhler's synthesis, who successfully pro-duced urea from inorganic substances. In the 19th century, understanding of com-pounds significantly expanded, thanks to the contributions of August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper. Kekulé's valence theory was particularly significant as it suggested that carbon atoms could form multiple bonds and create complex chains. In the 20th century, notable advancements occurred in the field of organic synthesis and molecular modeling. The discovery of organometallic compounds, in addition to catalysts, enabled chemists to make strides in synthesis, contributing to the devel-opment of new materials and medicines.
A superação do flogístico: uma aventura de RPG
(2013-04-30) Silva, Alexsandro Alberto da; Almeida, Maria Ângela Vasconcelos de; Amaral, Ricardo Ribeiro do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7704136680001681; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7841487134333019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2011377431714562
This study aims to analyze the use of a didactic game, the Role Playing Game (RPG), the teaching of the history of chemistry, Kuhn and philosophical perspective of science in the eighteenth century, in an attempt to improve the teaching-learning students, and parallel interaction promotes student-student and teacher-student classrooms Chemistry. Educational games are used as motivators and facilitators of the teaching and learning of scientific concepts. We emphasize that the purpose of this feature is not restricted to the memorization of the subject by the student, but search lead him to thinking, reflection and hence (re) construction of knowledge. The RPG adventure is experienced in live action form, titled "Overcoming the Phlogiston Theory: the caloric disguised" and is based on two philosophies that guide the construction of eighteenth-century science, empiricism and rationalism, and that epistemological century, with a priori reasoning (deduction) or rational and posteriori (induction) or experimental, and the twentieth century, in a Kuhnian view of science, conceiving that moment as a milestone in the history of chemistry of the eighteenth century and, therefore, there was a chemical revolution with its large representative Antonie Laivoisier, discoverer of oxygen, according to this epistemological perspective, the fact that still today is debated who was its discoverer, if Scheele, Priestley and Lavoisier, due to the crisis caused the current paradigm, the phlogiston theory. For the application of the game was chosen a class of sixth period of Degree in Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, which were divided into two groups, a defender of the phlogiston and other caloric, used the game and answered questionnaires probing. The results showed that the game contributed to a better understanding by the students of the historical significant that permeated the discovery of oxygen for chemical science, exploring students' conceptions in this context, and some students have achieved the learning objectives expected.