Navegando por Assunto "Forragem"

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Desempenho agronômico de pornunça submetida a duas alturas de corte e consorciada com clones de palma forrageira
(2019) Moura, Geovane Alves de; Leite, Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7520067862400742
Desempenho agronômico de sorgo irrigado com água salina
(2018) Souza, Leandro Emanoel Mira de; Souza, Eduardo Soares de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8125009165007422; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5068797427634565
The use of reuse water, despite the undesirable characteristics due to salinity of the water, is a practice increasingly used for the production of forage in the semiarid. Its indiscriminate use can compromise the production of fodder as well as cause great damage to the environment. It is necessary to develop techniques that provide a significant production of fodder, but also to minimize the salinization of the soils with the reuse of these waters. For this reason, the objective was to evaluate the performance of sorghum plants irrigated with saline tail, following the transpiration and the stomatal conductance at different stages of growth, as well as their production. The experiment was carried out at the Serra Talhada Academic Unit, in a 3x2 + 1 factorial scheme with 3 replications, where factor 1 was the time of beginning of irrigation with waste water (15, 30 and 45 days after emergence), Factor 2 was the concentrations of the reject (50 and 100% of the salt reject). The present work showed that for the sorghum growth, the beginning of irrigation at 45 days after emergence and the dilution of 50% of reject presented better results. For the dry matter accumulation all treatments were inferior to the control, while the natural matter of the aerial part with the beginning of the irrigation at 45 days independent of the reject and at the 30 days with 50% of the reject were similar to the control. For transpiration treatments with 100% saline reject with irrigation start at 30 and 45 days after emergence and treatment with 50% of the reject initiated at 45 days after emergence did not differ from control, and for conductance only treatment with 50% of the reject started at 45 days after emergence did not differ from the control. Therefore, it is advisable to start irrigation with reject water at 50% reject concentration and 50% potable water at 45 days after emergence.
Desenvolvimento do sorgo forrageiro (Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench) submetido a diferentes dosagens de adubação com manipueira
(2018) Cruz, Aloísio dos Santos; Simplício, Josimar Bento; Vieira, Maurício Luiz de Mello; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1876691945804390
In the Semi-arid region of the Northeast, goat breeding and sheep farming are relevant activities in socioeconomic aspects for rural families. However, the inadequate management of chemical fertilization in this region has added serious environmental problems, and consequently, forage production has been hampered by misapplication of mineral fertilization in production systems. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the response of two genotypes of forage sorghum submitted to different doses of manipueira.The experiment was carried out in the Statistical Unit of Serra Talhada, installed in randomized blocks, in a 4x2x4 factorial scheme, composed of four blocks of two sorghum cultivars and four doses of manipueira (0.0, 12.0, 24.0 and 48, 0 m3ha-1), totaling 32 experimental units. The evaluated characteristics were stem diameter (DC); plant height (AP); number of live leaves (NFV); number of dead leaves (NFM); weight of the green mass (PMV) and weight of the dry mass (PMS). In the interactions obtained by the ANOVA of the data, it can be observed that, of the growth parameters evaluated were significantly altered by the use of manipueira doses, for these variables we observed a quadratic behavior as a function of plant height (AP), the evaluation period (mL / pot) for the two sorghum cultivars IPA 2502 and BRS Ponta Negra, at the height of the IPA 2502 plant the dose of 168.34 mL / pot provided a maximum height of 67cm at 62.51 days , and for BRS Ponta Negra it reached a maximum height of 85 cm, with a dosage of 104.76 mL / pot at 68.65 days, in Figure 2 (a) and (b). For the variable diameter of the stem (DC) Figures 3 (a)and (b), the dose of 168.06 mL / vessel provided the IPA 2502 maximum diameter of 11.82 mm at 49 days, while for the BRS Tip The dose of 101.71 mL / pot provided a maximum diameter of 13.69 mm at 64.29 days. There was no influence of the different dosagesof manipulation for the number of live and dead leaves, total green mass and total dry mass of the leaves. cultivars IPA 2502 and BRS Ponta Negra. The use of manipueira in the conditions established in this research did not promote increases in the production of sorghum forage, however, further evaluations are necessary with new studies on the influence of this fertilizer, since the plants were conditioned to water stress.
Estabelecimento de capineira de genótipos de capim-elefante [Cenchrus purpureus (Schum.) Morrone] de diferentes portes na Zona Da Mata de Pernambuco
(2025-03-13) Oliveira, Eduardo Eraldo Alves de; Santos, Mércia Virgínia Ferreira dos; Damas, Luciana Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1935877952205692; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9565465836878202; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5835511624505718
O capim-elefante [Cenchrus purpureus (Schum.) Morrone] é uma forrageira de alta produção de matéria seca e cultivado em distintas regiões do Brasil. A escolha criteriosa de genótipos para cada sistema de produção resulta na maior eficiência do sistema. O estudo visa avaliar genótipos de diferentes portes para otimizar a produção de forragem, avaliou-se o estabelecimento e desempenho de seis genótipos de capim-elefante sob condições de sequeiro na Zona da Mata Seca de Pernambuco, visando identificar características morfológicas, morfogênicas e produtivas que otimizem a produção forrageira. Foram testados três genótipos de porte alto (BRS Capiaçu, Elefante B e IRI-381) e três de porte baixo (BRS Kurumi, Mott e Taiwan A-146 2.37) durante os 100 dias de período de estabelecimento. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Utilizou-se colmos de tamanhos variados a depender do genótipo, 50 cm para os genótipos de porte baixo e 100 cm para os genótipos de porte alto, fracionados, estabelecidos em uma área de 25 m2 com espaçamento de 1 metro entre linhas. A correção de solo foi realizada através de calagem com 2 t ha-1. A adubação de fundação foi realizada com cloreto de potássio e superfosfato simples (120 e 100 kg ha-1). As avaliações morfológicas foram realizadas a cada quinze dias ao longo de um período de 90 dias, enquanto as avaliações morfogênicas foram conduzidas ao final do experimento, após as plantas completarem os 90 dias. As plantas foram colhidas aos 100 dias de estabelecimento, a 5 cm do solo. Foram avaliados altura (cm), comprimento (cm) e diâmetro do colmo (mm), taxa de perfilhamento, taxa de alongamento foliar e do colmo, além da produção de matéria seca (t/ha). A análise estatística incluiu testes de normalidade dos resíduos e homocedasticidade, seguidos de ANOVA utilizando o PROC MIXED do SAS. Os genótipos de capim-elefante foram tratados como efeitos fixos, e os blocos, como aleatórios. Quando o teste F foi significativo (P < 0,05), as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, garantindo uma avaliação robusta das diferenças entre os genótipos. Observou-se diferenças significativas entre os genótipos para as variáveis mensuradas. O BRS Capiaçu destacou-se pelo maior crescimento vegetativo, atingindo altura média de 189 cm e maior produção de matéria seca (88,2 t/ha). O Elefante B e o IRI-381 apresentaram valores intermediários, enquanto os genótipos de porte baixo demonstraram maior perfilhamento e maior relação folha/colmo, as quais são características desejáveis para sistemas de pastejo. O Taiwan A-146 2.37 exibiu a maior densidade populacional 15,56 perfilhos/m2, mas apresentou menor vigor e produtividade total de 17,22 t/ha. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, recomenda-se o BRS Capiaçu para sistemas de corte, enquanto os genótipos de porte baixo são mais indicados para o pastejo. Esses dados fornecem suporte técnico para produtores e pesquisadores na seleção de cultivares mais eficientes, contribuindo para o aumento da produtividade forrageira e contribuindo para sustentabilidade da pecuária na região.
Estado nutricional do Sorgo cv. Sudão e atributos do solo sob aplicação de atenuantes do estresse salino no semiárido de Pernambuco
(2023-04-27) Barros, Wanderson de; Pessoa, Luiz Guilherme Medeiros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1540664578909440; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5782800123364087
O sorgo (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench), cv. Sudão é uma cultura em ascensão com diversos benefícios quanto a nutrição e adaptabilidade em condições de temperaturas elevadas, déficit hídrico e estresse salino. Em regiões semiáridas onde o solo apresenta diversos fatores limitantes como a salinidade, a cultura é capaz de obter pleno desenvolvimento. Desta forma, se faz necessário desenvolver mais pesquisas que otimizem o desenvolvimento do sorgo em regiões do semiárido. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar se o uso do Trichoderma (T) e a matéria orgânica (MO) potencializam a atuação do silício (Si) como atenuante ao estresse salino. A pesquisa foi conduzida em campo na Estação de Agricultura Irrigada de Parnamirim, pertencente à Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados, onde os tratamentos adotados foram: sorgo controle; Silício (Si); Silício + Matéria orgânica (Si + MO); Silício + Trichoderma (Si + T) e Silício + Trichoderma + Matéria orgânica (Si + T + MO). As variáveis avaliadas foram os elementos solúveis e trocáveis presentes no solo e na planta. Para o espaçamento foi utilizado 0,50 m entre fileiras e 10 plantas por metro linear, com dimensões de 330 m2 para área total, sendo 16 m2 por parcelas, e 4 m2 para as parcelas úteis para o experimento. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos aos testes de normalidade, análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Onde foram observados que os tratamentos com silício combinado com matéria orgânica e Trichoderma foram significativos para atenuar os efeitos da salinidade no solo contribuindo com melhores condições para o desenvolvimento do sorgo cv. Sudão.
Influência do uso de biofertilizante a base de esterco caprino (BioCapri) na dinâmica de crescimento e produção de palma forrageira no semiárido brasileiro
(2021-02-23) Leite, Renan Matheus Cordeiro; Silva, Thieres George Freire da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0213450385240546; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9490242836620362
Several problems are threatening food security in the world, which is even more worrying in climatically vulnerable locations, requiring the adoption of agricultural resilience practices to mitigate the effects of climate change on the production chain in semiarid regions. The forage cactus becomes a good alternative for the production of forage due to its high adaptation to adverse climatic conditions, in addition to having a low production cost, organic fertilization can provide an increase in the agronomic performance of the crop. Maintaining the supply of food for herds in times of drought. This work investigated the application of sustainable and low-cost techniques to the cultivation of forage cactus in the Brazilian semiarid region, aiming at an efficient management of resources, an increase in productivity and a better understanding of the growth dynamics. Two forage cactus clones were evaluated, Miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck) and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.), Conducted in pots and subjected to five doses of liquid biofertilizer at based on goat manure (BioCapri), with 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mL plant-1 month-1 , and a dose of goat manure (180 cm3 plant-1 ). Monthly biometric assessments were carried out during the experimental period to assess the growth and development of the forage cactus, obtaining plant height and width, number of cladodes and length, width, perimeter and thickness of the cladodes. The productivity of the forage palm was obtained by means of a single biomass (dry mass, DM) event, being carried out at the end of each cycle. In order to establish a phenology of forage cactus, the beginning of a new phase was considered when a production tax of a specified order of cladodes was exceeded by the rate of production of cladodes of the subsequent order. Evaluate the efficiency of the use of radiation and water. It was found that the manure and the doses of applied liquid biofertilizer (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mL) did not affect most of the biometric variables analyzed, however, the clone factor differed due to the intrinsic characteristics of the clones, where the OEM clone excelled in variables such as CC, LC, PC, AC and IAF. Although the MIU clone has a lower radiation interception, a better capacity for converting to biomass was observed due to the superior MS content of this clone. The contribution of biofertilizer, as well as the use of goat manure, did not cause results obtained in the forage yield, however the clone differed due to its intrinsic characteristics. The development of future research with forage cactus and its natural resource efficiencies are essential to document, and describe the relationship of this crop with the environmental conditions and soil fertility.
Manejo sanitário e controle leiteiro de ovelhas mestiças Lacaune e Santa Inês na EMBRAPA Semiárido
(2018) Souza, Nathaly Cristina de Menezes Sá; Martins, Jorge André Matias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9617318260953422; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7212758908210077
Massa de forragem e valor nutritivo de capim-braquiária [Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster] sob pastejo em monocultivo, com ou sem adubação, e em sistema silvipastoril
(2024-10-01) Cavalcanti, Isaque da Silva; Cunha, Márcio Vieira da; Silva, Rita de Cássia Manso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0329511011280265; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8936474723708253; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5434373242065945
Silvopastoral systems provide significant ecological, economic, and social benefits. These systems can mitigate the negative effects of monoculture on soil by diversifying production through the integration of forestry practices, promoting animal welfare through shading, and enhancing nutrient cycling, which can improve soil fertility, particularly when involving tree legumes. Signal grass (Urochloa decumbens Stapf.) is the most widespread forage species in Brazilian pastures. The hypothesis of this study is that the silvopastoral system with the tree legume sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) improves the nutritional value of Signal grass compared to monoculture, especially without fertilization, without significantly impacting herbage mass. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate herabage mass and the nutritional value of signal grass in monoculture, with or without fertilization (50 kg of N, P, and K ha⁻¹ year⁻¹), and in a silvopastoral system with the sabiá legume, during the rainy season (March to August 2023) and dry season (December 2022 to February 2023 and September to November 2023), in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The grazing method used was continuous stocking with variable stocking rates, utilizing non-castrated male crossbred Nelore cattle with an average initial live weight of 170 kg. The experimental design was randomized block with three repetitions. The silvopastoral system showed a lower dry mass of green signal grass forage (2045 kg ha⁻¹) compared to the fertilized monoculture (2703 kg ha⁻¹), while it did not differ from the unfertilized monoculture (2327 kg ha⁻¹). Herbage mass was greater during the rainy season (2987 kg ha⁻¹). The silvopastoral system had a lower amount of senescent material compared to the unfertilized monoculture. Additionally, it exhibited a higher incidence of invasive plants compared to monocultures. There were no significant effects of treatments and seasons on the levels of dry matter, mineral matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein, and hemicellulose of signal grass (296 g kg⁻¹ DM, 84 g kg⁻¹ DM, 916 g kg⁻¹ DM, 725 g kg⁻¹ DM, and 39 g kg⁻¹ DM, respectively). The crude protein content of the grass in the silvopastoral system was higher (51 g kg⁻¹ DM) than that of the unfertilized monoculture (41 g kg⁻¹ DM) and did not differ from that of the fertilized monoculture (44 g kg⁻¹ DM). However, it was not affected by the time of year. The levels of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in signal grass were higher during the rainy season, averaging 794 and 402 g kg⁻¹ DM, respectively. The in vitro digestibility of dry matter of the forage was higher in the dry season (499.8 g kg⁻¹ DM). The silvopastoral system with the sabiá legume, while promoting lower signal grass herbage mass compared to fertilized monoculture, offers nutritional and structural advantages, such as increased crude protein content and reduced dead material, which can enhance animal diet and consumption.
Potencialidades do milheto para o Semiárido brasileiro
(2022-10-06) Novaes, Willyan Cesar Cavalcante; Leite, Mauricio Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5392267972280844
O presente trabalho busca, através de uma revisão de literatura, explorar acerca das potencialidades do milheto, forrageira anual, de ciclo curto e amplamente utilizada em todo o Brasil, por ser uma cultura que se adpta bem a diversos ambientes, surge como alternativa para suprir as necessidades da agricultura familiar, especialmente no Semiárido brasileiro, onde o solo é raso, com baixa fertilidade e baixa capacidade de armazenamento de água , de modo a compreender de que ele possa ser uma solução viável neste local. A técnica de levantamento de dados escolhida foi a da documentação indireta, visto que ela trabalha com pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, uma vez que ela é desenvolvida com base em material já elaborado, constituído principalmente de livros e artigos científicos. Conclui-se que se faz necessário investir na produção desse cereal, uma vez que seu uso é bastante diversificado, podendo servir como alimento humano e animal, reduzindo os custos e aproveitando as condições ambientais que não seriam favoráveis a outras culturas.
Produção de fitomassa e composição bromatológica de milho hidropônico cultivado sob diferentes substratos
(2019) Barbosa, Anderson José Braz; Ribeiro, Valéria Louro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2677739330576168; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1973502030287511
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the different substrates on the production of hydroponic maize green forage (Zea mays L.) cultivated in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design. The treatments consisted of sugarcane bagasse (SB) (100%), sugarcane bagasse + sugarcane straw (SBS) (50% + 50%), sugarcane straw (SS) (100%), Calotropis procera SW (CP) (100%) and sugarcane bagasse + Calotropis procera SW (SCP) (50% + 50%), in which corn seeds were sown, both with five replications. The blocks consisted of five flowerbeds measuring 0.5 m wide by 2.5 m length, subdivided into five sub-plots of 0.5 m x 0.5 m (0.25 m²) made with wooden slats arranged in parallel leaving 0.50 m streets between bed flowers for the maneuvers, totaling five treatments and five repetitions. The flowerbeds were lined with black polythene tarps of 15 microns. The density used was 2.5 kg of seeds / m². The corn seeds were previously hydrated by immersion in water for 24 hours before sowing for pregermination. An approximately 3 cm layer of the substrates was placed, followed by irrigation with water to moisten the substrate. The seeds were then manually distributed homogeneously, according to the treatments, and covered with another 2 cm layer of the respective substrates. For fertilization, a commercial solution for hydroponic corn was used. Harvesting was performed on the 15th day after sowing. The production per m² of green phytomass, aerial part green mass, green mass of the substrate with root, dry matter (DM) of the total forage, aerial part DM and root DM of the substrate were determined; analysis of percentage of DM, mineral material (MM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of the complete forage, substrate with root and aerial part. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5% of probability. The treatment that CP was used as the only substrate did not present productive responses. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) for the production of natural matter between the treatments. For the production of DM per m-2 of the complete forage, there was the influence of the substrate (P <0.05), where the treatment with SB presented higher production in relation to the SS, being found the values of 4.83 and 3.64 kg of DM per m2, respectively. The substrate influenced (P <0.05) the production of green mass of the aerial part, where the treatments SB and SCP obtained productive values of 676.25 and 106.25 g.m², respectively. For production DM of the aerial part the values found were 94.06; 69.08; 92.34 and 20.23 g.m-2 for SB, SBS, SS and SCP, respectively. For the green mass production of the most root substrate, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the treatments. The sugarcane bagasse presented better productive response and better composition. The substrate influenced the content of DM and MM of the complete forage and aerial part.
Uso de bioestimulante no capim-corrente submetido ao estresse hídrico
(2020-08-17) Souza, José Victor da Silva; Leite, Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6836501799019536
The use of biostimulants in plants promotes activities similar to phytohormones. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the influence of a biostimulant on the growth and accumulation of phytomass in plants of urocloa grass (Urochloa mosambicensis), submitted to water stress conditions. The test was conducted from September to December 2019, in the experimental area of the Study Group on Forage (GEFOR), of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UFRPE-UAST). The design used was in randomized blocks, in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four levels of water replacement, based on the culture evapotranspiration (ETc): 25%.ETc, 50%.ETc, 75%.ETc and 100%.ETc and two levels of a commercial Acadian® biostimulant (0 and 8 ml per liter), with four replications, totaling 32 experimental units, represented by vessels. Urocloa grass growth was monitored every seven days during a growth cycle. The structural characteristics were evaluated: plant height and width, stem length and diameter, number of: total tillers, fully expanded leaves, expanding leaves and senescent leaves. The leaf area was estimated, nondestructively, based on the linear dimensions of the length and width of the leaf blade. At the end of the cycle, the fresh and dry mass of the morphological components and the total aerial part were determined. The evaluation data were subjected to the normality test, homoscedasticity and analysis of variance by Test F. Since F was significant, the treatment means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. The results showed that for most of the morphometric variables there was no interaction between the levels of biostimulant and the ETc levels. In the absence of the biostimulant, the largest stem diameter was obtained, except for 100% .ETc. Urocloa grass has a moderate tolerance to water stress.
Uso do aplicativo Canopeo para estimativa da massa de forragem do capim-elefante consorciado ou não com cunhã
(2022-06-03) Silva, Joás José da; Silva, Valdson José da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6499654247132691; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6650079186954491
Destructive assessment methods to estimate forage mass, although considered more accurate, are more labor intensive compared to non-destructive methods. Canopeo is a mobile app developed at the University of Oklahoma for Android and IOS systems and has been considered a good tool for estimating canopy coverage. This study aimed to evaluate the use of Canopeo to estimate forage mass of Elephant grass [Cenchurus purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone syn. Pennisetum purpureum Schum.] of different sizes intercropped or not with butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.). The experiment was conducted at the Carpina Sugarcane Experimental Station (EECAC)/Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) between 2019 and 2022. Four elephant grass genotypes, being two of tall size (IRI-381 and Elephant B) and two dwarf size (Taiwan A-146 2.37 and Mott) in intercropped or not with cunhã were harvested every 60d. Data from two representative harvests in the rainy season of 2019 and 2022 were considered. Images were collected using a cell phone with a camera attached at the top and in the profile of the vegetation at a representative point of the average condition of each plot to estimate the green cover and percentage of pixel of green color in the canopy profile. The regression equations obtained to estimate the total forage mass generally showed the best R2 value in the intercropped condition during the 2019 rainy season, with R² 0.71. For estimates of total forage mass from the percentage of green in the canopy profile, the R² varied from 0.58 and 0.70 in the first year and from 0.62 to 0.63 in the the second year. The values of green cover of the top of the vegetation obtained with Canopeo application presented, in general, a better level of association with the total forage mass and green biomass in comparison with the measurements carried out from the canopy profile. The Canopeo application can be considered an interesting tool to estimate the total forage mass and leaf mass of elephant grass genotypes intercropped or not with butterfly pea.