Navegando por Assunto "Solos - Classificação"

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Alterações e Reclassificação de Solos do Sertão Pernambucano
(2019) Nunes, Juvêncio Henrique Lima; Freitas, Diana Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4680121486632993; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1780003962422107
Soils are the result of the action of factors and processes that operate at different intensities and cause various changes in their characteristics, so a systematic study of these changes is important to understand soil genesis. Soil surveys are an inventory of their characteristics, as well as their geographic distribution within the area and their taxonomic classification. In the Sertão of Pernambuco, the basic studies of soils, carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture(MA), began in 1957. This survey aimed at identifying and studying the soils existing in the State, however new nomenclatures for Brazilian soils were adopted and published by Embrapa through the edition of the Brazilian Soil Classification System (SiBCS), the last version of which was published in 2018, so the objective of this research was to identify alterations and to reclassify soils located in the backlands of Pernambuco described in the Exploratory Survey -State Soil Reconnaissance of Pernambuco, using the updated Brazilian Soil Classification System. Three profiles described in the above survey were selected for analysis. A comparison of the information described in the survey with those obtained in the field was carried out, as well as an evaluation of the relationship between the physical and chemical characteristics of the soils surveyed with the source materials of these soils (rocks) collected in the field together with the samples of ground. For the physical (granulometry) and chemical analysis of the soils, the Embrapa methodologies were adopted and in parallel the minimololites were made with the soils studied. It was verified that the small changes are due to the variation of the original material, to the handling, the relief and the location of the final profiles not to be exactly the same as the initial profiles. In spite of the variation, the three final soils met the prerequisites to remain in the same Order of the initial soils, classified as NEOSSOLO QUARTZARENICO, LUVISSOLO and LATOSOLO.
Análise do uso e ocupação do solo e seus impactos no Município de Alagoinha - PE
(2018) Silva, Jéssica Bruna Alves da; Duarte, Simone Mirtes Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5876968040869585; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2314483831159897
Geotechmoçogies and remote sensing help in the evaluation and monitoring of natural resources, in an effective and economical way, allowing the identification of the possible causes and consequences of the environment in the area interest. In this way, the present work aimed to evaluate the dynamicsof land use and occupation and its impacts in the city of Alagoinha - PE using geotechnology. All the geoprocessing was carried out in the free software SPRING 5.5.3, in which the numerical model of the terrain was performed using SRTM data, which enabled the characterization of the relief through the hypsometric and slope analysis.Trough the satelite images Landsat 7 ETM + and Landsat 8 OLI of the years 2002 and 2017, the Adjusted Multispectral Composition, the calculation of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI, the classification of the use and occupation of the soil of the municipality and its anthropism, as well as the social imapcts of such use and occupation. It was observed that the largest area of the municipality (27,71%) is at altitude between 710-760m and the slope varies between 0 - 5° in 61.78% of the area, characterizing the relief with bein flat / smooth wavy. Regarding the results of the digital image processing, it was identified that all the established classes presented variations, and the classes that more attracted attention were the class of Dense Vegetation, that presented an increase of 16,04 km² (7.74%) of the area, and the Soil Exposed classe, which presented a decrease of 8.06 km² (3.87%). In the analysis of the social impacts, it was possible to establish a relationship with the assistance programs, in the Federal, State and Municipal spheres, with the increase of the vegetal cover, water mirrors and the reduction of the soil exposure, also noting that it was not environmental education and recognition of the importance of natural resources in the quality of life of the population.
Características de uma sequência de solos na planície aluvial do Rio Brigida em Parnamirim
(1994) Ribeiro, Mateus Rosas; Souza, Eurides Alves de; Ferreira, Maria da Graça de Vasconcelos Xavier
Os solos da planície aluvial do rio Brigida na Estação Experimental de Parnamirim foram estudados ao longo de um caminhamento, com o objetivo de caracterizar suas propriedades físicas, químicas e mineralógicas, e entender os seus padrões de distribuição. A planície apresenta solos aluviais de textura média a argilosa e vertissolos, quase com teores de silte maiores que os de argila. Apesar do arrajamento complexo dos solos dentro das várzeas observou-se uma tendência geral da margem do rio para a encosta, principalmente com relação ao aumento dos teores de silte, argila e, consequentemente, dos cátions trocáveis e, CTC. Regra geral os solos não apresentam problemas de salinidade natural e são quimicamente bastante férties. As principais limitações são de natureza física, em consequência dos altos teores de silte dos solos.
Caracterização e classificação de solos utilizados para pequena irrigação nas micro-regiões de Salgueiro e Alto Pajeu, no Estado de Pernambuco
(1994) Ribeiro, Mateus Rosas; Souza, Eurides Alves de
Perfis representativos de áreas experimentais e de módulos do subprograma GAT foram caracterizados, classificados e avaliados em função de suas limitações para utilização agrícola. As classes de solos mais frequentes foram: Bruno não cálcico textura média/argilosa, Planossolo Solódico textura média/argilosa, Cambissolo Eutrófico textura média e argilosa, Solo Aluvial Ta Eutrófico textura média e argilosa, e solo Litólico Eutrófico textura média. Os solos aluviais foram os que apresentaram melhor aptidão para agricultura irrigada, tendo apenas pequenas restrições de natureza física, devido aos altos teores de silte ou d presença de caráter solódico. Não foi observada nestes solos, ocorrência de salinidade natural, nem presença de lençol freático próximo a superfície. Os solos Brunos não Cálcicos apresentaram potencialidade para pequena irrigação, tendo como limitações principais a suscetibilidade a erosão, pequena profundidade e pedregosidade. Foi observado que a natureza da rocha matriz destes solos, consolidada (R) ou semi-intemperizada (Cr) é importante na utilização dos mesmos, influindo na profundidade de percolação da água. Os Cambissolos têm limitações semelhantes aos Brunos não Cálcicos e estão restritos aos sopés de maciços e serras no município de Serra Talhada. Os demais solos, embora estejam sendo utilizados com irrigação, são mais apropriados para reflorestamento ou pastagens.
Geoprocessamento e organização de dados morfológicos e analíticos de perfis de solos da área de influência do Canal das Vertentes Litorâneas da Paraíba
(2019) Silva, Karolina Esther da; Souza Júnior, Valdomiro Severino de; Araújo Filho, José Coelho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2932514285735624; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3461006118388502; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0149991207675109
Hidrofobicidade e sua interação com as propriedades hídricas do solo
(2018-08-06) Ribas, Márlon da Silva; Corrêa, Marcelo Metri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1430055648322513; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5101114099048584
Hydrophobicity can be defined as the difficulty of wetting the soil by water, due to the coating of the soil particles (sand, silt and clay) by organic hydrophobic substances. Initially, the phenomenon was related to areas subject to fires. However, recent studies have shown that the phenomenon is linked to several other factors, being: soil moisture, which has been directly related to the manifestation of soil hydrophobic character; vegetation, which can be a source of hydrophobic organic compounds; microorganisms, especially bacteria, which play an important role in the selectivity of the compounds to be decomposed; and the anthropic action itself. Thus, the present research related the interaction between the soil water properties and the hydrophobicity, seeking to understand the influence of the hydrophobic organic compounds under the properties of a Yellow Latosol with humic A. The studied areas were located in the municipality of Brejão, located in Agreste Meridional Pernambucano, under the same topographic and climatic conditions, differing only in the form of land use (native forest and pasture). The areas with 20x20 m were subdivided into 2x2 m plots, and 5 plots were selected in each of the areas. Water and alcohol infiltration tests were performed, the water drop penetration time, the repellency index and the water and alcohol sorption were calculated. The water properties of the soil varied significantly according to the analyzed area and the depth, presenting a reduction of the hydrophobicity with the increase of the depth and with the change of the form of use. The native forest area due to the greater increase of organic matter, mainly in the more superficial layer, presented reduction of the infiltration and the sortivity to the water due to the hydrophobicity performance. Conversely, the pasture area was free of the occurrence of the phenomenon of hydrophobicity.
Preparo de lâminas para análise de difração de raios X: cálculos de estimativa dos filossilicatos em planossolos no semiárido
(2019) Silva, Artur Henrique Nascimento da; Souza Júnior, Valdomiro Severino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3461006118388502; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6141209400023307