Navegando por Assunto "Desenvolvimento de recursos hídricos"

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Aprimoramento da situação hidrológica: apoio a gestão hídrica dos reservatórios DNOCS CEST-PE
(2020) Ferreira, Pedro Henrique Rodrigues; Silva, Vicente de Paulo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3590522665927472; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4852039726815394
Estimativa do balanço hídrico da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Pajeú utilizando o modelo Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)
(2019) Carvalho, Wilson dos Anjos; Farias, Carolyne Wanessa Lins de Andrade; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3776345236329653; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4645802692572927
Human interference with the environment changes the characteristics of the ecosystem as well as processes related to water resources. These changes have been studied through tools such as hydrological models. One of the models that has been applied in several countries is the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). In this context, the objective of this study was to estimate the water balance for the Pajeú river basin through the SWAT hydrosedimental model, aiming to find the hydrological processes for the period from 2008 to 2017. In order to make the estimation of the water balance, the SWAT model requires some input data, they are: Digital Elevation Model (MDE), map of land use and occupation, types of soil, meteorological and pluviometric data. After insertion of all input data and hydrological simulation, the model generated 25 sub-basins and 191 Hydrological Response Units (HRUs). The results of average values of the hydrological processes for the study period were: surface runoff of 110,12 mm, precipitation of 477,6 mm, actual evapotranspiration of 150,6 mm, potential evapotranspiration of 1.667,8 mm, and percolation 213,9 mm. The rise of the shallow aquifer resulted in 33,31 mm and the recharge of the deep aquifer in 11,69 mm. When comparing the observed and simulated flows to the basin, it was observed that the SWAT simulated flow peaks were larger than the observed peaks. Likewise, differences were found between the base flow estimates between the model and the observed data. During the dry season, the model simulated a large part of the flow reaching zero, this fact is related to the characteristic of intermittent rivers. The coefficient of determination (R²) was 0,36, which shows a very weak relation between observed and simulated data. This fact indicates that the SWAT model requires calibration and validation to be used in the Pajeú River basin in future studies, as for example, for prediction studies of the impacts of future climate changes on the basin water balance.
Sustentabilidade hídrica e desenvolvimento regional: o papel das barragens subterrâneas no semiárido brasileiro
(2024-10-04) Melo, Giovana Elvira de; Freire, Maria Betânia Galvão dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2636653493262436; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2684222726881637
Regional development in areas like the Brazilian Semi-arid region is intrinsically linked to water sustainability. Water scarcity not only limits economic growth but also negatively impacts public health and exacerbates social inequalities. In this context, the implementation of sustainable water resource management strategies, such as the construction of underground dams and the adoption of agricultural practices adapted to local climatic conditions, becomes essential to promote sustainable socioeconomic development in these regions. Underground dams, in particular, stand out as a water resource management tool and as an alternative, low-cost technology for construction and maintenance, being a hydro-environmental work that aims to meet water demands for human, animal, and agricultural consumption, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. They interrupt the flow of surface and groundwater through an impermeable wall built transversally to the direction of the water flow. Rainwater infiltrates slowly, forming or raising the water table, which will later be used by plants. In the face of the challenges imposed by prolonged drought and the economic vulnerability of rural communities, the importance of intensifying rainwater harvesting and storage becomes evident, not only as a measure to mitigate crop losses but also as a mechanism to significantly increase the income of rural communities and promote sustainable economic development in the region. Strengthening these practices, combined with public policies aimed at the Brazilian Semi-arid region, can transform the reality of the region, making it more resilient to climatic adversities, promoting water security, and contributing to the reduction of regional inequalities. In this sense, the main objective of this work is to review the literature on the role of underground dams in promoting water sustainability and regional development in the Brazilian Semi-arid region, covering the advances, limitations, and opportunities of this technology in the context of water resource management.