Navegando por Assunto "Controle de qualidade da água"

Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

Acompanhamento e relato das atividades desenvolvidas no Laboratório de Experimentação de Organismos Aquáticos
(2019) Santos, Wagner Soares; Falcon, Dario Rocha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9816735154471425
Análise dos fatores e parâmetros analíticos da água potável de uma empresa pública de Pernambuco
(2021-07-16) Amaral, Maria Conceição Dutra do; Pires, Edleide Maria Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0468713660747009
The quantity of available water in the planet, being in superficial or in-depth collections, it is enough to assist the needs of the globe population. Problems exist related to the distribution of natural reservoirs and the population density, since there is not equivalency between the quantity of the available water and the populational density. Besides, poor use and undesirable attacks to the water source has turned the planet potable water into improper for its use in the natural form. The water is indispensable for everything and everyone: the food chain, agriculture and cattle and even for tourism and leisure. Of all the available sources, the underground sources are the ones that offer the highest quality, for that reason they are much used by human consume and industrial production, being food, medication, and general use. The current essay of major completion (TCC) has as its purpose to analyze the physio chemical and microbiological characteristics of the potable water used for the consume of employees of a public company of the state of Pernambuco, based on the evaluation of the implemented good practices, as well as the implementation of the APPCC system. The water used by the company is from an underground source, from a crafted well. From the months of July to November of 2020 there were analyzed documents related to the physio chemical and microbiological parameters: heterotrophic bacteria, total Coliforms and Escherichi coli, accordingly, to validated methods by SMWW. The results showed macrobiotic load in the researched points and in the 3 kinds of analyzed microorganisms (˂1.0 to 7.9x10 UFC/mL to heterotrophic; ˂1.0 CFU/mL to Total Coliforms and ˂1.0 CFU/mL to E. coli) much inferior to the maximum allowed by the current legislation, which is 500 UFC/mL, absence/100mL and absence/100mL, respectively. As for the physical and pH parameters, it was observed variations: pH=5.3 to 6.6; Color= 10 to 44uH; Turbidity= 1 to 8 UT and Free residual chloride= 0.02 to 0.66mg/L. These results allowed to conclude that: in every analyzed data and during the period that was studied, the water used in the company fits the potability standards for the physio chemical and microbiological parameters; the used water treatment in the public company of the state of Pernambuco, consisting of the disinfection, filtration, stocking and distribution steps, is enough to support and guarantee the water quality; observed inconstancies in the physio chemical parameters of the pH, color, turbidity and free residual chloride did not compromise the quality of the water for human consumption stablished by the 2914 regulation from 12/12/2021.
Avaliação ambiental do estuário do Capibaribe por intermédio da fauna planctônica: estrutura e indicadores biológicos da qualidade da água
(2019-12-12) Cruz, Maria Mylena Oliveira da; Melo Júnior, Mauro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6735233221650148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7317426286930736
The general objective of this work was to evaluate a heavily polluted estuary (Capibaribe) through the zooplankton community and verify its potential use as a bioindicator of water quality. To test the hypothesis that in the Capibaribe estuary, the water quality condition is eutrophicated to the point of sustaining (i) a zooplankton community formed by species indicative of abundant particulate organic matter, low oxygenation and high turbidity and (ii) the establishment of small populations dominated mainly by rotifers, the campaigns were carried out in the urban area of the river in the city of Recife (Pernambuco), in three sectors based on the salinity gradient: Euhaline, Polyhaline, Meso-oligohaline and 9 collection stations. Six campaigns were carried out, always during low tide. Data regarding environmental variables were measured from a Horida U-52 probe. Zooplankton samples were collected by filtering a minimum of 100 L through a plankton net (45 µm) and a graduated bucket and fixed with 4% saline formaldehyde. The bioindication of taxa was evaluated by the Indication Value (IndVal) method, where ten species belonging to the Rotifera group, Copepoda and Polychaeta larvae were found. For the zooplankton community, 46 taxa belonging to the groups Rotifera, Annelida (Polychaeta), Mollusca (velliceroy of Gastropoda), Crustacea (Copepoda, Cladocera, Decapoda, Cirripedia), Chaetognatha and Chordata (fish larvae and eggs) were recorded. Rotifera was the most frequent group, especially Brachionus angularis (81.48%), the mean density was 625.4+-731.8 ind. L-1. The highest richness was in the Euhaline (dry) and Meso-oligohaline (rainy) sectors, the rotifer dominance and diversity were higher in the Meso-oligohaline sector for both periods. The study proved the hypotheses that the estuary is dominated by smallsized species and bioindicators of abiotic factors that indicate pollution, showing that the Capibaribe River estuary is being affected by anthropic disturbance and that bioindicator species can be used for water quality monitoring.
Cianotoxinas: impacto na qualidade e disponibilidade de água
(2023-01-31) Silva, Thailan Arlindo da; Souto, Rodolfo José Cavalcanti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4263478911176230; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5371447938003091
The Brazilian distribution of water resources, despite the significant national reserve of drinking water, occurs in a discrepant way and the decrease in water quality further reduces its supply in certain regions. In this sense, the accelerated increase in the nutritional supply in reservoirs, because of pollution from industrial, domestic and agropastoral activities, triggers the eutrophication process that culminates in the proliferation of cyanobacteria. These microorganisms have as their main characteristic of importance for unique health, the ability to produce secondary metabolites, called cyanotoxins, implicated in cases of poisoning in humans and domestic and wild animals. Given the above, the objective of this work was to analyze the impact of the presence of cyanotoxins in natural and artificial water reservoirs intended for human and animal supply. A bibliographic survey was carried out in the main national and international databases of scientific documents with subsequent elaboration of syntheses, analysis and writing of the review. From the data collected, it is possible to verify that the cyanobacteria have a wide geographic distribution, but they present ideal conditions for development and maintenance in lentic freshwater systems, enriched with nitrogen and phosphorus from anthropogenic activities, which favors the events of flowering of toxic species. Research carried out in Brazil shows that, although the Northeast region has characteristics that favor the proliferation of these microorganisms, such as varied periods of drought, poor access to basic sanitation and low water quantity in reservoirs, there are high levels of blooms of toxic cyanobacteria in reservoirs of the entire national territory. The edition and publication of specific legislation for the control and prevention of cyanotoxin intoxication in the country was driven by the only cases of deaths in humans due to microcystin intoxication in the world, which confirms the importance of the toxic blooms of these microorganisms in the unique health. In view of this, it is possible to conclude the importance of cyanotoxins as possible causes of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals in Brazil, requiring constant monitoring of their presence in water bodies in order to better structure control and prevention measures.
Efeito de diferentes densidades de estocagem no cultivo de camarão marinho Litopenaeus vannamei (BOONE, 1931) em água oligohalina em sistema de bioflocos
(2020-03-31) Santos, Ivanilson de Lima; Silva, Ugo Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1858876631961029; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1174538900783101
The present study aimed at evaluating the production of marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in oligohaline waters in a biofloco system under different stocking densities. The experiment was carried out in Laboratório de Experimentação com Organismos Aquáticos (LEOA/UAST) of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) for 90 days. The experimental design was completely randomized implemented with three stocking densities, 80, 160, and 320 shrimp.m-3 , with four replications. A total of 12 tanks were used, supplied with 800 L of water. The shrimp, with an initial weight of 0.038±0.001 g, were fed daily with commercial feed containing 35% of crude protein, with a frequency of 3 times a day and feeding at an initial rate of 10% of shrimp biomass and was adjusted according to consumption. Sugar was added to provide a daily maintain the 15:1 ratio (C: N). During the cultivation, the physicochemical variables of water quality such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH, total ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, inorganic phosphate, total hardness, alkalinity, turbidity, settling solids, total suspended solids were measured. The zootechnical performance of juvenile shrimp was evaluated using the variables of final weight, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, final biomass, production, productivity, and survival. No statistical differences (p>0.05) were found in the means values of water quality variables (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity) observed daily, as well as in the weekly variables (total ammonium nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, alkalinity, hardness, total suspended solids). However, turbidity from D320 was significantly higher than D80 and D160 (p<0.05); settled solids from D320 and D160 were higher than D80 (p<0.05). Most variables were within ideal values, except total suspended solids (265- 2645mg.L-1 ) and temperature (22-24°C). The density of 320 shrimp.m-3 recorded final biomass (205.63±100.83g.m-3 ), production (178.4±39.10shrimp.m-3 ), and productivity (258.67±126.01g.m-3 ) significantly higher than D80 and D160 (p<0,05). Although the low water temperature and high accumulation of total suspended solids, all treatments recorded survival above 50% and low feed conversion. The production of L. vannamei in well water using biofloc is a promising sustainable alternative. However, further studies should be carried out for a better understanding of this system.
Uso de águas de qualidade inferior na produção de cana-de-açúcar no Estado de Pernambuco
(2018-07) Cutrim, Weliston de Oliveira; Silva, Ênio Farias de França e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1144266495720148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1872062048074302