Navegando por Assunto "Chagas, Doença de"

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

Atividade tripanocida de compostos bioativos oriundos de algas e cianobactérias: uma revisão
(2021-12-07) Moura, Yanara Alessandra Santana; Marques, Daniela de Araújo Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0788548123321981; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1018762976201930
Chagas disease (CD), classified as a neglected tropical disease second to World Health Organization, is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which can assume two evolutive forms in the human host: trypomastigote and amastigote. DC possesses two clinical phases, the acute phase (generally asymptomatic) and the chronic phase (which can affect the cardiovascular, digestive and/or nervous systems). The currently available drugs to treat CD, benznidazole (BZN) and nifurtimox (NFX), are known for their high toxic profile, especially NFX. BZN, the first-line treatment, possesses limited efficacy in the chronic phase of CD and mechanisms of resistance had been associated to it. Thus, new compounds with trypanocidal activity are necessary to act as an alternative treatment against CD. Natural compounds are described as promising alternative for antiparasitic treatment. Algae and cyanobacteria are promising sources of bioactive compounds since they perform various biological activities reported in the literature, including antiparasitic activity. Therefore, this work aimed to make a review exploiting the antiparasitic activity of the biocompounds from algae and cyanobacteria against both trypomastigote and amastigote forms of T. cruzi. For this, it was conducted a search in Science Direct, Medline (PubMed), Web of Science (WoS), Springer Link, Wiley Online Library, Scielo, and MDPI. In total, 15 studies were included and the Rhodophyta and Ochrophyta phyla are the more studied and more promising for anti-T cruzi activity. The macroalgae Dictyota dichotoma and Ulva lactuca were the most studied. However, the highest antiparasitic activity was presented by the extract from macroalgae Stypopodium zonale, based on the extract concentration that can inhibit the parasites by 50% (IC50), while the species Tetraselmis suecica and Nostoc commune exhibited the best IC50 values among microalgae and cyanobacteria, respectively. Among all studies, only four active principles were identified, being elatol compound from Laurencia dendroidea the most promising based on its SI values for trypomastigotes (SI = 19.56) and amastigotes (SI = 26.73). The only in vivo study showed that microalgae Arthrospira maxima can be effective in T. cruzi-infected mice as treatment or prophylaxis. Although anti-T. cruzi activity of algal and cyanobacterial biocompounds is promising, further studies should exploit the mechanisms of action of the compounds, as well as new in vivo studies are required to make feasible future applications of these compounds for clinical trials in the treatment of CD.
Doença de chagas sob a perspectiva da saúde única
(2024-02-21) Dionizio, José Alexandre Rocha; Coutinho, Luiz Teles; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8812254003382110; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2632759634584338
American trypanosomiasis, also known as Chagas disease (CD) in Brazil, is an illness caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. To complete its life cycle, the etiological agent depends on the presence of insect vectors from the Triatominae genus, commonly known as kissing bugs. Other transmission modes include the ingestion of food contaminated with fragments and/or secretions from triatomines, transfusion of contaminated blood, transplacental transmission, and accidental contact with contaminated objects. The complications of the disease can lead to cardiovascular alterations, megaesophagus, constipation, and intestinal obstruction in chronic patients. In acute cases, symptoms such as fever, inoculation chagoma, Romaña's sign, malaise, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly may be observed. The prevalence of CD in Brazil varies by region due to specific risk factors such as living conditions, dietary habits, peridomestic animal rearing, population education level, and the presence of different species and food sources for triatomines, contributing to the diversity of cases. Despite being a long-recognized disease, there are only two therapeutically effective drugs officially approved and available from the Ministry of Health: benznidazole and nifurtimox. Both drugs have adverse effects and require strict dosing regimens. The main prophylactic strategies involve controlling the vectors to break the biological cycle of the agent. However, transmission through the ingestion of contaminated food has gained prominence, particularly in regions of Brazil where the consumption of products such as açaí, cupuaçu, and sugarcane juice is common. This underscores the need for more rigorous sanitary-hygienic regulations for these raw products. This literature review aims to address the main etiological, epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and preventive aspects of CD from a public health perspective. Additionally, it highlights the importance of veterinarians in controlling this zoonosis, which, though often neglected, still affects a significant portion of the Brazilian population.
Estudos de docking molecular de derivados da tiazolidina como potenciais inibidores da enzima cruzaína de Trypanosoma cruz
(2019) Guerra, Thamila Menezes; Souza, Túlio Ricardo Couto de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8553398552801408; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4140363975684053
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a parasitic infection caused by the flagellate parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T.cruzi) and constitutes one of the greatest public health problems in endemic regions, with devastating consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality human. The forms of treatment against the disease are quite limited and insufficient in all clinical aspects. Aiming at the development of novel antichagasic agents, various parasite proteins have been exploited as therapeutic targets. In this context, the enzyme cruzain, a cysteine protease involved in all stages of development and differentiation of T. cruzi and essential for the replication of the intracellular parasite, was selected for our studies, aiming at the identification of possible inhibitors. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate the trypanocidal action of eight compounds of the thiazolidine class in silico, where molecular docking studies were carried out with the cross-enzyme target, using the crystallographic structure of PDB ID: 1U9Q, and the analysis of the properties that affect the absorption and distribution characteristics of these drug candidate compounds were evaluated throughthe pkCMS and SwissADME platforms in order to perform a comparison of the experimental results found in the work carried out by the Laboratory of Chemistry and Therapeutic Innovation (LQIT) of UFPE, with the theoretical results found in this work. As a result of the docking and analysis of the intermolecular interactions, it was observed that the protein-ligand complexes formed mainly occur through hydrophobic interactions, the compounds 5D (bromo-indole-, 3-4-dichloro) and 5G (bromo-indole-methylsulfanyl) which showed the highest interaction with cruzaine with binding energies of -8.24 and -8.16 kcal.mol -1, respectively. And that all ligands perform interactions with Cys25, an important residue that makes up the catalytic triad of the enzyme. It was verified that the results of the experimental tests used as a comparative study for the theoretical research of this work were not compatible with the complexes that presented higher interaction energy, since the focus of the in vitro tests was not necessarilythe cruzaine, therefore, tests of protein inhibition would be required. The pharmacokinetic profile of the compounds under study showed that they should have good absorption and distribution characteristics.
Longevidade do Barbeiro Panstrongylus Megistus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) sem alimentação
(1978) Leite, Aristóteles Vieira
Estudo da longevidade do "barbeiro" Panstrogylus megistus Burmeister, 1835 (Hemiptera, Reduuiidae), ninfas sem alimentação em condições de laboratório.
Relatório de conclusão do programa de residência em área profissional de saúde em medicina veterinária - medicina veterinária preventiva - doenças parasitárias: inquérito soroepidemiológico para detecção de anticorpos anti-Trypanosoma cruzi em cães provenientes de Camaragibe, Pernambuco
(2022-02-23) Lima, Maria de Lara Oliveira; Alves, Leucio Câmara; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6563157522654726; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6108177158055138
The Residency Program in the Professional Health Area in Veterinary Medicine at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) was developed with the aim of preparing Veterinarians for the service in their specific area of knowledge. The program presents a lato sensu postgraduate teaching modality, with a full-time regime and duration of 24 months. This report aims to describe the theoretical-practical activities developed during the residency, from March 2020 to February 2022, totaling a workload of 5,760 hours, divided into two major areas of concentration, one specific and one common to all program professionals. The workload developed in the specific area of Preventive Veterinary Medicine - Parasitic Diseases, was 4,800 hours, dedicated to the routine of the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases at UFRPE as well as the development of theoretical disciplines throughout the residency period, and 960 hours were developed in Public Health, distributed in the areas of Health Surveillance and Primary Health Care (NASF-AB) in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Moreover, a research about “Seroepidemiological survey for detection of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in dogs from Camaragibe, Pernambuco” was made.