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Caracterização e estabilidade da mucilagem de Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck: um estudo comparativo sob diferentes aspectos agronômicos
(2020-10-23) Sousa, Lady Daiane Costa de; Simões, Adriano do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1895049701533568; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0248842512558444
The mucilage of forange Palm has great applicability in several areas, especially in the food area, and it has shown to be promising for being a natural source of polysaccharides. Recent studies have demonstrated that the environmental conditions of the Nopalea and Opuntia clones changed the physicochemical composition of the mucilage. In this sense, it was aimed to conduct a physicochemical characterization of the Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck mucilage, hydrated and conserved under refrigeration, extracted from cladodes harvested with different sizes and different times. Two studies were performed, in the first one the cladodes were collected at 6 am in two sizes (100 to 230 mm) and (240 to 300 mm), and the size between 100 and 230 mm was defined as the most adequate, with it was carried the second study out in which cladodes were collected at two specific times (6 am and 8 pm). The cladodes were collected in the experimental area of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco / Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UFRPE / UAST) and transported to the laboratory of the Graduate and Post-graduating Program in Plant Production at UFRPE / UAST to obtain mucilage. Succeeding obtaining the mucilage, it was hydrated and stored at 5° C for 12 days. The yield of mucilage powder was quantified after processing and the following analyzes were performed at the beginning of the experiment and after 12 days: total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, electrical conductivity, and sodium and potassium content, vitamin C, carbohydrates, and total proteins and infrared spectroscopy. The experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design, each of which was carried out in a 2x2 factorial scheme, with four replications. In which in the first study there were two sizes of cladodes (100 to 230 mm) and (240 to 300 mm) and two evaluation days (0 and 12). In the second study, there were two different times (6 am and 8 pm) and two evaluation days (0 and 12). The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA and when significant, they were subjected to the Tukey test at 5% probability. It was verified that mucilage yield was higher 14 for cladodes harvested at 6 am compared to those harvested at 8 pm. Furthermore, the mucilage obtained from cladodes of sizes between 100 and 230 mm showed lower acidity, electrical conductivity, and a decreased degree of esterification. In addition to having a higher content of soluble solids and proteins. The harvest at 6 am has resulted in a mucilage with a lower content of soluble solids, citric acid, electrical conductivity, sodium, and potassium content. In conservation, mucilage from cladodes with sizes between 100 and 230 mm showed greater stability, as for the time of harvest, there was no difference in stability for the analyzed parameters. Therefore, the different conditions for obtaining the cladodes result in differences in the physical-chemical composition of the mucilage, which can make it flexible or enhance its uses in the most diverse areas.
Caracterização e estabilidade físico-química e bioquímica da mucilagem de Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck obtida com diferentes extratores
(2020-10-22) Souza, Jheizon Feitoza do Nascimento; Simões, Adriano do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1895049701533568; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5282052637705053
The use of chemical solvents for bioprospecting cacti such as forage palm Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck has been common in academic studies for its applications in the industry. However, the usage of these solvents in large quantities, amplifies their polluting potential and makes their long-term usability impracticable by industries. Therefore, it was aimed to evaluate different extractors and the physicochemical and biochemical stability of the mucilage of forage palm, hydrated, and refrigerated. Cladodes of forage Palm were washed, weighed, cut into cubes, homogenized with organic solvents to (extractor 1 and extractor 2, which cannot be disclosed for patent reasons) obtain mucilage. The precipitate was kept in an oven for drying and it was pulverized with the aid of a mill, thus obtaining a dry powder. After this, the mucilage was hydrated and maintained at 5 ºC for 12 days. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, in a 2x2 factorial scheme with four replications, as in two organic extractors and two evaluation days (0 and 12 days after storage at 5 ºC). The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA, and when significant they were subjected to the Tukey test at 5% probability. It was found that the mucilage yield did not differ between the tested extractors, although with extractor 2 the mucilage became slightly pigmented. Also, extractor 2 resulted in mucilage with higher mean values of citric acid and vitamin C, pH within the ideal range, lower mean values of electrical conductivity, and K+ content. The refrigerated storage time maintained the pH stability, total soluble proteins, Na+ content; total soluble carbohydrates, total phenolic compounds, citric acid, and soluble solids obtained using extractor 2. Thus, extraction with alternative solvent, extractor 2, has shown potential to be used to obtain mucilage for industrial purposes. However, further studies are needed, including the future production of mucilage films, for possible recommendations and agro-industrial applications.
Produtividade, estresse e proteção oxidativa em feijão-caupi inoculado com estirpes de Alfa e Beta-Rizóbios
(2022-05-27) Martim, Mayara Bernardo Tavares; Simões, Adriano do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1895049701533568; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1861408621908918
Propriedades filmogênicas da mucilagem de Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck obtida com a reutilização de solvente orgânico
(2022-05-27) Andrada, Lucas Vinícius Pierre de; Simões, Adriano do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1895049701533568; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5312196285971764
The mucilage of pricky pear cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm-Dyck) is composed of polysaccharides used in the preparation of polymers, which are interesting alternatives to petrochemical plastics, due to characteristics such as elasticity and the ability to form molecular networks. However, the extraction of mucilage, commonly performed with ethanol, as well as its disposal, intensifies the impacts due to its relative toxicity to the environment, in addition to the high cost. Thus, the objective was to implement methodologies that result in the reuse of alcohol for the process of mucilage extraction and elaboration of the biopolymer based on prickly pear cactus. N. cochenillifera cladodes were harvested and processed to obtain mucilage. The cladodes were cut, the aquifer parenchyma was removed and taken to a processor using ethanol. At the end of the processing, a whitish powder was obtained, which was hydrated both to perform the physicochemical analyzes on the mucilage and to formulate the biopolymers, which were characterized via thermal, optical, physicochemical and structural analyses. The residual ethanol from the extraction was distilled in a rotary evaporator to remove pigments and restore its alcohol content. After all the analyses, a new mucilage extraction was carried out, reusing the ethanol, and again, physical-chemical evaluations were carried out in the mucilage and in the solvent, in addition to, in the biopolymers obtained, thermal, optical, physical-chemical analysis and structural. It was observed in mucilage that pH, vitamin C content, total acidity, electrical conductivity and soluble solids did not vary significantly, regardless of the extractor used. The sodium and potassium contents, on the other hand, decreased when the mucilage was extracted with reused ethanol, indicating that it was efficient in removing these ions. In the ethanol from the first extraction, a high value of phenolic compounds and total soluble carbohydrates was quantified, while in the reused ethanol such values were considerably reduced, indicating that even it removed less mucilage components than the clean one, which enables the elaboration of more compact biopolymers as such components improve structural properties, such as moisture content and permeability to water vapor. The films from the second extraction were less soluble in water, thicker and more transparent, in addition to showing greater thermal stability than those from the first extraction. It is concluded that the reused ethanol improved the filmogenic properties of the mucilage, such as carbohydrates and phenolic compounds, in addition to not having removed nutritional components such as proteins, citric acid and ascorbic acid. The biopolymers from the extraction with reused alcohol, in addition to presenting better morphological aspects through their microstructure, also showed promising structural aspects, such as low water solubility and moisture content, indicating the reuse of the solvent as a good alternative to the use of pure ethanol, which makes the biopolymer manufacturing process more expensive, as well as promoting a greater amount of waste in the environment. However, studies are needed regarding the methodology of solvent reuse regarding the limit of its reuse potential, in order to make this procedure viable on industrial scales
Transferência de tecnologia pós-colheita, boas praticas de higiene e manipulação de frutas e hortaliças, para beneficiários do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos de Serra Talhada-PE
(Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco(UAST); Administração., 2011) Simões, Adriano do Nascimento
O Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) é um dos Programas do Governo Federal, tem por objetivo garantir o acesso aos alimentos em quantidade, qualidade e regularidade necessária às populações e fortalecer a agricultura familiar. Em Serra Talhada existem cerca de onze entidades beneficiadas pelo programa, todas contemplam crianças, adolescentes e idosos. Recentemente, integrantes responsáveis pelo PAA de Serra Talhada buscaram a UAST/UFRPE para detectar possíveis problemas na cadeia produtiva. Assim, os objetivos foram capacitar pequenos produtores com respeito às boas praticas de manipulação de alimentos; coleta de dados microbiológicos na cadeia produtiva e Visitas periódicas aos produtores do PAA. O presente trabalho foi dividido em fases, a primeira correspondeu a encontros para realização de aulas expositivas sobre tecnologias e boas práticas de manipulação e higiene de alimentos. A segunda fase correspondeu a coletas de dados para melhoria da logística de recepção e distribuição de alimentos do PAA e coleta de dados de natureza microbiológica no campo, no PAA e nas entidades; A terceira fase um acompanhamento para tratar da melhoria na manipulação dos alimentos. Observou que a manipulação de hortaliças está mudando, resultado dos acompanhamentos e dados microbiológicos que estavam indicativos de contaminação, tanto no campo, como no PAA.