Navegando por Autor "Montes, Martín Alejandro"

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Análise da percepção de estudantes do ensino médio quanto aplicações atuais da teoria da evolução e medidas facilitadoras do ensino-aprendizagem
(2019-12-05) Carlos, Isabella Ribeiro; Montes, Martín Alejandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7389871566380539
Análise das concepções referentes à evolução biológica e humana de alunos do ensino médio da região metropolitana do Recife, e o uso de materiais didáticos para facilitar o aprendizado
(2019-12-12) Silva, Felipe Henrique do Nascimento; Montes, Martín Alejandro; Garcia, Ana Cristina Lauer; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0563243377799793; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4240484313746239
Evolution is one of the most controversial areas of biology, especially Human Evolution, where outside the academic environment the subject is still very reluctant, mainly due to social and religious factors. Added to this aspect, the literature points out that the lack of information among the general population on this subject is quite remarkable. In order to deconstruct the myths surrounding evolution, the aim of this paper was to verify the prior knowledge of high school students about Biological Evolution as well as to spread the current concepts on this subject, especially Human Evolution. To assess the prior knowledge of students, a questionnaire containing closed-ended questions to high school students was used. Subsequently, through exhibitions, the real concepts of biological evolution are presented, using posters; slides; human skull and playful learning resources. This act is very pertinent, because the evaluation of the questionnaires showed that a large percentage of students still have misconceptions about the evolution. Putting the human being as the most evolved species, and consequently imagining that evolution is directed, seeking a perfect species. At this point the use of teaching resources helped to improve understanding of biological evolution.
Composição das assembleias de drosofilídeos (Insecta, Diptera) em um fragmento preservado de Floresta Atlântica comparado com um ambiente degradado nas suas imediações
(2021-08-06) Santos, Vinícius Alcântara Carvalho Lima; Montes, Martín Alejandro; Garcia, Ana Cristina Lauer; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0563243377799793; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7512572540450427
Invasive species are among the biggest causes of biodiversity loss on the planet. Biological invasions continue to grow throughout the world, including in the Drosophilidae family. The present study aimed to observe the diversity of Drosophilidae assemblages from a protected area, the Dois Irmãos State Park and an outside area near it, the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (Federal Rural University of Pernambuco) and their sazonal patterns. There were four collecting expeditions in each area, two in the dry season, two in the rainy season, using five banana bait traps to attract the drosophilids. A total of 25,108 drosophilids of 4 genera and 21 taxa were collected. The sites presented a composition of similar richness and abundance, with a great predominance of exotic species, which represented 91.4% of the total, and only one species, Drosophila malerkotliana, was the most abundant and represented 70.4% of the abundance alone. It was noticed that this species also dominated the composition of the protected area, that was not the case in a previous study in the same place, in which native species of the willistoni subgroup dominated the assemblage. It is still too early to say what may have caused the results shown here, and further studies are necessary to observe whether the trend of the dominance of the assemble by exotic species will stay in future samplings.
A evolução do diagnóstico molecular da esquistossomose mansônica
(2021-12-13) Pires, Eduardo Henrique Matos; Montes, Martín Alejandro; Gomes, Elainne Christine de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7173069660592793; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0769910959063895
Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease caused by trematodes of the genus Schistosoma. Worldwide, about 207 million people in 78 countries are affected by the infection, the global burden of the disease reaches 1.9 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). In the Americas alone, 1.8 million people are affected by Schistosoma mansoni, responsible for the hepatointestinal manifestation of the disease. In Brazil, the national prevalence rose from 10% to the current 0.99% through the implementation of public policies for disease control that aim to diagnose and treat patients. In this sense, Kato-Katz, capable of determining the patient's infection status, as well as their parasite load, played a vital role in controlling the disease. However, due to the change in the epidemiological profile of the disease, the method has been losing its sensitivity in areas of low endemicity, as it is influenced by the patient's parasite load. Therefore, new disease diagnosis strategies have been studied to meet the need for a sensitive diagnostic method, enabling proper disease control. An alternative studied is the molecular diagnosis of the disease, which is based on the use of molecular biology as a diagnostic tool. Therefore, the aim of this work was to carry out a systematic literature review looking for works published in the last 20 years that used molecular biology to diagnose human populations affected by schistosomiasis mansoni. To this end, words referring to the proposed topic were searched for in the Medline Pubmed, Science Direct and Scielo databases with a filter from 2000 to 2021. Of the selected articles, those that used a molecular diagnosis associated with a parasitological method for schistosomiasis, and were applied to a human population residing in an endemic area for the disease were selected. After selection, 20 articles were included in the review. Of the 20 studies, 12 used stool samples, 8 urine samples and 4 serum samples. Of these works, four of them evaluated more than one type of biological sample. Articles that used stool samples showed sensitivity greater than 69% and specificity greater than 29% for this type of sample, while the sensitivity found in urine studies, in general, were greater than 88% with specificities greater than 82%. Studies that used serum samples showed sensitivities from 20% to 94.10%, with specificity above 98%. In addition to sensitivity and specificity, other accuracy values were analyzed to discuss the studied methods. The study shows the potential of using molecular biology as an alternative for diagnosing schistosomiasis mansoni in several areas with different levels of endemicity.
Genética geral para universitários
(EDUFRPE, 2015) Souza, Paulo Roberto Eleutério de; Silva, Hildson Dornelas Angelo da; Leite, Fernanda Cristina Bezerra; Maia, Maria de Mascena Diniz; Garcia, Ana Cristina Lauer; Montes, Martín Alejandro
Desde ano de 2008, vimos programando editar um livro de genética geral, para ser usado pelos alunos dos cursos de Agronomia, Engenharia Florestal, Veterinária, Zootecnia, Biologia (Licenciatura e Bacharelado) da UFRPE. A intenção foi descrever os temas do conteúdo da disciplina Genética Geral, em uma linguagem simples, lógica e sintética com o objetivo de facilitar o aluno na compreensão dos conceitos básicos de cada assunto abordado pertinente ao processo de aprendizagem da genética. Essa ideia nasceu da experiência como professores de genética sempre ouvindo dos alunos que essa disciplina é “muito difícil”, os “livros trazem uma linguagem complexa” os “assuntos envolvem matemática” os “capítulos são longos” entre outras dificuldades. Assim, em 2011, resolvemos elaborar um livro para ser publicado pela Editora da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Desejamos, portanto, que os nossos alunos em contato com os assuntos que escrevemos sejam estimulados a aprender genética de uma forma pessoal relacionando os conteúdos a algo que eles já conhecem e se deparam no dia-a-dia associando os fatos do passado com o presente de modo a tornar os temas mais interessantes no que se refere à beleza sobre o panorama da vida.
Levantamento e monitoramento de mastofauna da Estação Ecológica de Tapacurá, Pernambuco, Brasil
(2019-12-04) Ramos, Deborah Maria Soares; Montes, Martín Alejandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7769196041781031
Current rates of biodiversity loss are being driven by several anthropogenic pressures that result in rapid population declines, a process known as defaunation. In megadiverse biomes such as the Atlantic Forest, defaunation is exacerbated due by deforestation and habitat fragmentation, and figure as a major threat to biodiversity conservation by promoting local extinction processes. In this context, the knowledge about the historical loss of mammals and its current situation in threatened areas of the Atlantic Forest biome is extremely important. This study aimed to perform a systematic review based on historical data and current fieldwork effort, and evaluate the conservation status of mammals at the Pernambuco Endemism Center (CEP) through the noninvasive method of camera trapping. The study was conducted at the Tapacurá Ecological Station, Protected Area (PA) located in the municipality of São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco State, with a total area of 776 hectares. Sixteen sample stations with a spacing of about 350 meters were used to ensure the independence of the records, to cover the largest fragment of the UC with an area of 428 hectares. The total sampling effort was 13,801 hours, and eleven species of native mammals were identified: Dasyprocta prymnolopha, Cuniculus paca, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Sylvilagus brasiliensis, Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus tigrinus, Nasua nasua, Cerdocyon thous, Galictis vittata, Callithrix jacchus, Bradypus variegatus, beyond the introduced Canis lupus familiaris and Felis catus. The activity pattern of some species was identified: Dasyprocta prymnolopha (diurnal), Cuniculus paca (nocturnal), Nasua nasua (diurnal), Canis lupus familiaris (diurnal). Of the historically documented species from ESEC Tapacurá, Panthera onca, Puma concolor, Alouatta belzebul, Sapajus flavius, Herpailurus yagouaroundi, Leopardus wiedii, Eira barbara and Tamandua tetradactyla have not been recorded. Many of them are suggested to be locally extinct, especially in the case of big cats and primates. However, the presence of introduced species such as the domestic dog accelerates the local defaunation processes and figure as further threat to biodiversity. Documenting CEP's historical defaunation process can serve significantly as baseline for conservation strategies in extremely fragmented and endangered areas as the Atlantic Forest.
Padrões sazonais de drosofilídeos (Insecta, Diptera) nativos e exóticos da Caatinga
(2021-10-06) Morais, Lucas Domingos de Oliveira; Montes, Martín Alejandro; Garcia, Ana Cristina Lauer; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0563243377799793; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5192624756956968
Despite its large extension and number of endemic species, the Caatinga is still a neglected biome in terms of the production of scientific knowledge. Until then, only a few studies were concerned with analyzing the seasonal distribution of native and exotic invasive species in the northeast region of Brazil, especially in the Caatinga. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of seasonality on the abundance of native and exotic Caatinga drosophilids. A literature review was carried out, consulting the SciELO, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Using the search terms "Caatinga", "Drosophilidae", "Seasonality", "Seasonality", "Exotic species", "Drosophila", "Rain", "Dry", "Rainfall", "Dry", "Neotropical" and “Invasive species”, we selected five studies carried out between 2010 and 2017 that investigated the seasonality of drosophilids in the Caatinga. The results of these studies were analyzed, and the chi-squared test of adherence was performed to assess the differences between the abundances. Three exotic species and six native species were analyzed, totaling 21,428 individuals. Both native and exotic species showed preference for rain, noting that 84.5% of the total individuals were sampled in this period. The most abundant species was Drosophila willistoni, which corresponded to 36.4% of the total number of individuals collected in both periods. All species were more abundant in the rainy season individually, with the exception of the native Drosophila cardini. The seasonal patterns observed are similar to those of other groups of organisms in Caatinga, such as birds and amphibians, which also have a preference for rain. The seasonality of native species of drosophilids follows patterns observed in other biomes in Brazil and the world, where the preference is for rain. The seasonality of exotic species differs from that observed in some places, probably due to the low number of samplings carried out with exotic species. The results obtained reinforce the need to further investigate the seasonality of exotic drosophilids in the Caatinga, in order to obtain more reliable results about the biology of these species and prevent future biological invasions in the biome.
Timbu não é rato? E que bichos são esses?
(Departamento de Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (SEDE); Departamento de Biologia, 2011) Montes, Martín Alejandro
Os marsupiais se caracterizam pela presença nas fêmeas de uma bolsa abdominal chamada de marsúpio, onde ocorre grande parte do desenvolvimento dos filhotes. Este grupo pertencem a ordem Marsupialia dos mamíferos e habitam os continentes da Austrália e da América. Devido ao hábito alimentar onívoro, os gambás apresentam grande importância ecológica atuando como controlador de populações de insetos e pequenos mamíferos, principalmente roedores, além de dispersores efetivos de sementes de plantas das quais ingere os frutos. Na atualidade os marsupiais estão se aproximando às populações humanas, isto gera um grande problema, já que estes animais são reservatório de um grande número de doenças. Devido a esta aproximação com as populações humanas e aos riscos na saúde das pessoas que esta aproximação pode causar este projeto visa disseminar informações sobre a taxonomia, ecologia, evolução e riscos de doenças. Para isto serão ministrada palestras para alunos do ensino fundamental médio da região metropolitana do Recife (Pernambuco) abrangendo diversos temas. Antes a após de cada palestras serão distribuídos questionários a fim de avaliar o conhecimento prévio que os alunos possuem sobre este grupo e sobre o efeito da palestra nos alunos.
Uso de recursos tróficos por Drosophila nasuta (Lamb, 1914) na Floresta Atlântica de Pernambuco
(2022-05-27) Ferreira, Ludmila Duda Vicente; Montes, Martín Alejandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0013823200695197
The family Drosophilidae, represented by vinegar flies, is characterized by insects that play a fundamental role in the saprophytic chain, especially in fruits. In recent decades the number of invasive species of this family has been increasing in Brazil, with Drosophila nasuta being one of the most recent cases of successful invasion. Although there is research on its abundance and distribution in the various Brazilian biomes, aspects of its trophic ecology and competitive ability in larval development are not yet known. The present study evaluated the use of trophic resources by D. nasuta for larval development in the Atlantic Forest, domain of Pernambuco. Native fruits of cajá, oiti, acerola, pitanga, pitomba, and exotic fruits of mango, almond, blackberry, jackfruit, jambo, dendê, sapoti, guava, and trapiá were investigated. The fruits were collected on the ground, distributed in jars and sealed until the adult drosophilids hatched. The drosophilids were identified and their abundance was recorded, as well as the hatching rate of larvae per fruit. Shannon-Wiener indices were calculated to attest to trophic amplitude, Pianka's index for niche overlap and Pielou's equitability to attest to the preference of D. nasuta for the sampled fruits. A total of 2,874 drosophilids were identified, with 97.32% belonging to exotic species. Drosophila nasuta was the seventh most abundant species, hatching in four native and one exotic fruit, and also being most present in jambo. The niche amplitude of D. nasuta was H' = 1.20. D. nasuta showed high niche overlap with the exotic species D. ananassae, D. kikkawai and D. malerkotliana. Drosophila nasuta showed the greatest uniformity in resource use among the exotics. It showed a generalist character, hatching mainly from native fruits and in a shorter time than the native drosophilid species. With these data, it can be seen that the preference of D. nasuta for native fruits may indicate a danger to Neotropical drosophilid communities in the Atlantic Forest. That said, the information obtained in this study is fundamental to understand part of the dynamics of the invasion and success of this species in the Atlantic Forest.