TCC - Licenciatura em Química (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/472
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Revisão bibliográfica sobre a implementação da Lei 13.415/17: desafios, mudanças, impactos e dificuldades frente ao novo ensino médio no ensino de química(2023-09-20) Barros, Celmalice Vicente Oliveira; Silva, Suely Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3497194749381919The educational system in Brazil has undergone several historical transformations since the arrival of the colonizers. The secondary education reform, promoted by Law nº 13,415 of 2017, sought to face challenges such as school dropout and low results in evaluations. This reform brought significant changes, such as curriculum flexibility and an increase in the annual workload from 800 to 1400 hours. The training itineraries allowed students to choose areas of interest, such as Languages, Mathematics, Nature Sciences, Human Sciences and Technical and Professional Training. However, there were intense debates about the implementation of the reform. In this research, our goal is to analyze the conceptions of some authors about the implementation of Law 13.415/17 and what are the challenges and difficulties facing the New Secondary School in Chemistry Teaching. This monograph is theoretical, a bibliographical research was carried out on the implementation of Law 13.415/17. The results indicated that the Brazilian Society of Chemistry (BSC) expressed concerns, highlighting the possible reduction of specific contents such as Chemistry, as well as the lack of structure in public schools to support the changes. Teachers and specialists also raised concerns about teacher training and inequality between public and private schools. The reform of secondary education reflected the search for adequacy to social demands and the labor market. Despite the modernization intentions, its implementation faced challenges, such as the need for continuous teacher training and the guarantee of equal opportunities for students from different contexts. Such findings show that the reform sought to innovate Brazilian secondary education, but also generated debates about its implications for the quality of education and educational inequalities.Item A bioquímica dos hormônios em uma intervenção pedagógica interdisciplinar entre química, arte e educação física a partir da temática frevo(2023-09-11) Nascimento, Marília Macário Simões do; Firme, Ruth do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7234636790850019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2036102562810888The aim of this research was to analyze students' understanding of the relationship between frevo dancing and the biochemistry of hormones in the context of an interdisciplinary pedagogical intervention between Chemistry, Art and Physical Education based on the frevo theme. We conducted a qualitative study of the pedagogical intervention type. The pedagogical intervention was carried out in a private school in the municipality of Olinda - PE. The research subjects were 26 students from the 3rd grade of secondary school. The intervention was applied in two stages, subdivided into three classes: one class in stage 1 and two classes in stage 2. The methodological stages for the development of the research were: intervention method (stage 1); intervention evaluation method (stage 2). From the analysis we can say that: the students expressed different perceptions of frevo, focused on frevo as a dance, culture and expression; the majority of students, in their previous conceptions, understood that dancing favors the release of hormones, such as dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, endorphin and adrenaline, however, they did not know how to chemically explain the relationship between frevo dancing and the biochemistry of hormones; no progress was made in the students' understanding of the relationship between frevo dancing and the biochemistry of hormones when they produced parodies as an assessment activity.Item Análise de compreensões de estudantes no contexto de uma intervenção didática fundamentada em pressupostos freirianos para o ensino de termoquímica(2023-09-11) Souza, Nívea Galdino de; Firme, Ruth do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7234636790850019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2969100250409863In the middle of the 21st century, there is an increasing search for a more inclusive, emancipatory and relevant education for students and their communities. It is with this perspective that the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the Freirean perspective were adopted in this study. Freire's views on education are inspiring, motivational and challenging. In this perspective, this study aims to analyze students' understandings in the context of a didactic intervention based on Freire's assumptions for the teaching of Thermochemistry, this objective being detailed in three specific objectives: to identify students' previous conceptions about thermochemical concepts and related issues with fires; analyze changes in students' understanding of thermochemical concepts and fire-related issues; and to evaluate the students' perceptions about the didactic intervention experienced by them. As for the methodological aspects, this study was qualitative, developed in a private school located in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão, with the participation of 37 students and was conducted through five methodological steps, namely: study of the assumptions of pedagogy freiriana (first stage); elaboration of the didactic intervention (second stage); application of didactic intervention (third stage); data organization (fourth step); data analysis (fifth stage). As for the students' previous conceptions about thermochemical concepts and about questions related to fires, the analyzes showed previous misconceptions, incomplete and/or coherent from the scientific point of view, such as, for example, understandings of chemical reaction as mixtures and understandings that consider that fires cannot occur spontaneously. Regarding the evolutions in students' understanding of thermochemical concepts and issues related to fires, the analyzes bring evidence, for example, of understandings of the occurrence of fires due to the reaction between oxygen and fuel to release energy in the form of heat and understandings of the concept of heat as energy in motion. That is, these results are evidence that students have evolved in their understanding of the occurrence of fires and the concept of heat. And regarding the students' evaluation of the didactic intervention based on Freire's assumptions developed with them, the evidence identified in the analyzes was related to the didactic intervention being nontiring, dynamic, fun, with the potential for things to make sense, for participation of students, to learn Chemistry from real situations.Item O uso do jogo do tipo escape como ferramenta didática e suas contribuições na construção e avaliação do conhecimento químico no ensino médio(2023-09-22) Chagas, Emmanuel Gutemberg de Araújo; Leite, Bruno Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932752031807872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3302014371624686Gamification emerges as a proposal to incorporate game elements in contexts outside of games. Thus, this study aims to analyze, based on the students' experience, the potentialities of the Digital Escape Room (DER) in chemistry teaching as an assessment tool and its contributions to the teaching and learning process and the construction of chemical knowledge for first-year high school students, at a private school in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), through a review of the contents of states of matter, atomic models, chemical elements and their properties, quantum numbers, molecular geometry, inorganic functions, and equation balancing. In this way, we seek to answer the following question: How can gamification through the application of DER-type games contribute to the teaching-learning process and the construction of chemical knowledge for first-year high school students? This objective is based on the understanding that the use of tools, such as games, has the function of attracting and engaging students and filling the gaps resulting from a rigid education that we are currently experiencing. The research is framed in the methodological field as qualitative, with a descriptive nature, based on data analysis. The study developed is based on some relevant concepts of the theoretical context, namely: playfulness, digital technologies, digital games, assessment, and High School. The experience of the class was collected, observed, and analyzed through a questionnaire prepared via Google Forms. This study involved 16 students from the school, of which 87% responded to the form. Through data analysis, it was possible to favorably determine the potential and contributions of DER as a didactic and assessment tool. The study data point to the need for preparation to ensure better immersion, as perceived in the students' statements.Item Proposta de uma sequência didática para o ensino de eletroquímica: biossensor como ferramenta de intervenção didática no processo de ensino-aprendizagem(2020-11-05) Silva, Suzi Batista da; Souza, Sandra Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4678692939311710; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2869555050306545To mitigate the main difficulties encountered in the teaching and learning process, methodologies are proposed with a focus on didactics more focused on research, investigation and experimentation actions, which may provide more active strategies from the didactic and pedagogical point of view, facilitating the participation of the student. student in this process. The contents in electrochemistry have been frequently pointed out by high school teachers and students as one of the subjects that represents great difficulties in the teaching - learning process. In view of the difficulty exposed, this research aimed to develop a didactic sequence to alleviate the learning difficulties in teaching electrochemistry using the biosensors as input. The teaching methodologies proposed for the study of the concepts about galvanic cells (batteries) involve practical experimental activities through investigation and problem solving (problem situation). For this purpose, it was proposed to use the functioning of electrochemical biosensors as a didactic tool for conceptual knowledge applied to electrochemistry. In this way, the use of specific methodologies for teaching chemistry promotes significant results, allowing the student to reflect and resolve the contradictions of problematic situations as a resource in the construction of concepts, making the student's learning process effective.Item Contribuições e limitações de uma intervenção pedagógica sobre a questão sociocientífica derrame de óleo nas praias do Nordeste na alfabetização científica e tecnológica de estudantes(2020-10-01) Farias, Robson Almeida Monteiro de; Firme, Ruth do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7234636790850019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6038725990836198In this paper we aimed to analyze contributions and limitations of a pedagogical intervention, on the SSI Oil spill on the beaches of the Northeast, in the STL of students in Chemistry Teaching. From this perspective: we analyze STL levels of students; we evaluated the SSI’s characteristics mobilized and identified relationships between the STL levels of students and the SSI’s characteristics mobilized. We developed the research in a state public school located in the municipality of Olinda, Metropolitan Region of Recife, with the participation, on average, of thirty students of a class of the 2nd grade of high school, aged between 14 and 19 years, and we follow theoretical-methodological assumptions of the pedagogical intervention research type. The following methodological steps were developed: planning and development of pedagogical intervention; and data analysis. From the analyses, we highlight as contributions of pedagogical intervention the development of the level of practical STL; the level, in part, of civic STL; and the mobilization of some of the SSI’s characteristics mobilized, such as: approaching students to real situations; contextualization of content; and discussion of different aspects. However, limitations of pedagogical intervention were identified, among which we highlight the fact that the guiding issues did not contribute, for example, to the approach of aspects related to NoSaT, which may have reflected in the fact that we did not identify the development of the level of cultural STL by these students.Item Uso de modelos na abordagem de geometria de sólidos cristalinos: experiência vivenciada na monitoria de Química Inorgânica L1(2021-07-12) Aciole, Rayane Cristine Gomes; Barros, Ivoneide de Carvalho Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5272867419216787; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2384434357313163The objective of this work is to study crystalline solid structures using low-cost molecular models from a sequential didactic intervention. This research was executed out during the academic monitoring period in order to improve the understanding of students about inorganic chemistry subject in the chemistry course. This work followed a pretest-posttest design on chemical bonds and solid structures, before and after the didactic intervention. The participants were 19 undergraduate students from a 4th period college chemistry course. The results obtained previously indicated that the students' understanding of chemical bonds was regular. Regarding questions about solid 90% of the students' answers were categorized as unsatisfactory. In the didactic intervention, the concrete models was built with Styrofoam balls and wooden sticks by the students. Then, non-tradicional classes and oral activities were applied. With the results of the post-test it was observed the students were able to use and visualize the built models as a tool to learn concepts of crystalline solids. At the end of the process, all students evaluated the methodology used as positive. Therefore, this study showed that the use of concrete models is an effective strategy for teaching solid structures. Finally, this research indicated that it is necessary to devote more time to teach the concept about chemical bonds within this theme and also others in Chemistry for a better understanding of this content.Item Impactos de um processo de formação docente, fundamentado na racionalidade prática, na alfabetização científica e tecnológica de licenciandos em Química: um estudo de caso(2019-12-12) Miranda, Raphaela Dantas; Firme, Ruth do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7234636790850019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7681050703890574It is in the context of the applications and implications of science and technology in society that the need for citizens' Scientific and Technological Literacy (STL) was highlighted. In this perspective, the objective of this research was to analyze the impacts of a teacher training process, based on practical rationality in the STL of Chemistry degree students. It was assumed that the process of initial formation of Chemistry teachers, based on practical rationality, can contribute to the STL of these future teachers, since this type of rationality considers practice as a place of reflection for the production of knowledge, as, knowledge related to the Nature of Science and Technology, an essential component of STL. For this purpose, this research: 1) had the participation of eight undergraduate students in Chemistry who were taking the Instrumentation for Teaching Chemistry II (ITC II) discipline, curricular component of the 7th period of the course's curriculum matrix; 2) followed as methodological steps: presentation of the research objectives to the undergraduate students followed by reading and signing of the informed agreement term; application of the COCTS with Chemistry degree students enrolled in the discipline of ITC II in the second semester of 2018 - before the development of the training process; reapplication of COCTS with graduates in Chemistry after the referred process and data analysis; 3) adopted qualitative and quantitative data approaches. From the analyzes carried out, evidence was found that the training process contributed to the undergraduate students’ STL, however, it did not guarantee the development of adequate conceptions of Science, Science-Technology relationship, Technology-Society relationship and Science Epistemology. Therefore, these results corroborate the need to return of the attention to teacher training, more specifically, to the initial training of Chemistry teachers, when we assume STL as a cultural need for citizens of contemporary society and as one of the objectives of teaching sciences, and more particularly, the teaching of Chemistry.Item Contribuições e dificuldades do estágio supervisionado obrigatório na Licenciatura em Química da UFRPE: um olhar dos licenciandos ao longo do processo formativo(2020-10-19) Morais, Rafaela Sales; Silva, Suely Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3497194749381919; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7067572650938131In undergraduate courses, supervised internships are mandatory curricular components that aim at teaching-learning related to didactics-pedagogical, providing the graduate with participation in real life and work situations, for this reason it is essential to evaluate what contributions and difficulties the students of the Chemistry Degree course of the Universidad Federal Rural de Pernambuco (Federal Rural University of Pernambuco) face, during the period designated for their mandatory supervised internship. Among the main aspects that were evaluated, we mention the school (internship field) and the educational institution. To achieve this objective, a qualitative research was conducted for data collection, in which questionnaires were used, these being the main information for data collection for this study. In addition, research aimed at theoretical contribution was carried out in order to improve the understanding of the conception of supervised internship and its contributions to students over the years. Thus, the present study had as object of study, the graduates enrolled in the discipline that corresponds to the last supervised internship of the curriculum and/or students who finished this curricular component. This criterion, in relation to the choice of this group was due to the accumulation of experiences obtained in the interval of two years taking into account that in total there are four internships, being one subject (internship) per period (semiannual), for this reason their opinion about the experiences lived would be more complete, since they have already gone through all the internships provided in the curricular matrix for the undergraduate course. Therefore, the chosen group would bring the contributions and difficulties experienced in a longer time interval in a more consolidated way. Through the data analysis it was possible to observe the importance of supervised internship for undergraduate students and the hard work of the teaching practice. Moreover, it is worth mentioning the change in the view of graduates in relation to internships, in the present times, they occupy a fundamental part of their teacher education. The greatest relevance of this was due to the very change of conception of undergraduate students, since for them, today internships are extremely necessary, quite different from years ago when theory and practice were separated and practice was done only to respond to legal requirements.Item Propostas didáticas na abordagem Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade (CTS) para o ensino de Química a partir de tecnologias sociais(2021-03-08) Silva, Paula Priscila Monteiro da; Firme, Ruth do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7234636790850019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1991208361955032