TCC - Licenciatura em Química (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/472
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116 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Estudos de cinética química a partir da elaboração e uso de uma cartilha didática sobre produtos de limpeza para lavagem de roupas(2023-09-18) Nascimento, Ismani Adalgiza do; Amaral, Edenia Maria Ribeiro do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5241130686153506; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0285664573551889The present study deals with the development and validation of a booklet that contains concepts of chemical kinetics, presented from the action of sanitizers for clothes washing. The objective of this study is to analyze the potential and limitations of the booklet, as well as to verify the participation and interaction of students during the use of the material and to evaluate how the association of the action of sanitizers to the concepts of chemical kinetics can help students understand this subject. In order for the work to be developed, after the development of the booklet, a didactic sequence composed of three moments was proposed: raising the students' previous conceptions, teamwork using the booklet and application of the final questionnaire. Through the application of this sequence, some results were obtained: Most of the students were able to conceptualize what chemical kinetics studies after the teamwork using the booklet, in addition, they associated the study of the reaction speed to other examples of everyday life, not limited to the situation presented about the action of sanitizers for clothes washing. Some potentialities of the booklet identified by the students were: accessible and clear language of the text, promotes interactivity and is playful. In addition, the students made suggestions to improve the content of the booklet: use fewer formulas, discuss more theories, and expand the approach of other subjects. With the results, it was possible to realize that the booklet is an attractive material that can be used as a pedagogical support material, containing various subjects in a playful and interactive way.Item Revisão bibliográfica sobre a implementação da Lei 13.415/17: desafios, mudanças, impactos e dificuldades frente ao novo ensino médio no ensino de química(2023-09-20) Barros, Celmalice Vicente Oliveira; Silva, Suely Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3497194749381919The educational system in Brazil has undergone several historical transformations since the arrival of the colonizers. The secondary education reform, promoted by Law nº 13,415 of 2017, sought to face challenges such as school dropout and low results in evaluations. This reform brought significant changes, such as curriculum flexibility and an increase in the annual workload from 800 to 1400 hours. The training itineraries allowed students to choose areas of interest, such as Languages, Mathematics, Nature Sciences, Human Sciences and Technical and Professional Training. However, there were intense debates about the implementation of the reform. In this research, our goal is to analyze the conceptions of some authors about the implementation of Law 13.415/17 and what are the challenges and difficulties facing the New Secondary School in Chemistry Teaching. This monograph is theoretical, a bibliographical research was carried out on the implementation of Law 13.415/17. The results indicated that the Brazilian Society of Chemistry (BSC) expressed concerns, highlighting the possible reduction of specific contents such as Chemistry, as well as the lack of structure in public schools to support the changes. Teachers and specialists also raised concerns about teacher training and inequality between public and private schools. The reform of secondary education reflected the search for adequacy to social demands and the labor market. Despite the modernization intentions, its implementation faced challenges, such as the need for continuous teacher training and the guarantee of equal opportunities for students from different contexts. Such findings show that the reform sought to innovate Brazilian secondary education, but also generated debates about its implications for the quality of education and educational inequalities.Item A bioquímica dos hormônios em uma intervenção pedagógica interdisciplinar entre química, arte e educação física a partir da temática frevo(2023-09-11) Nascimento, Marília Macário Simões do; Firme, Ruth do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7234636790850019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2036102562810888The aim of this research was to analyze students' understanding of the relationship between frevo dancing and the biochemistry of hormones in the context of an interdisciplinary pedagogical intervention between Chemistry, Art and Physical Education based on the frevo theme. We conducted a qualitative study of the pedagogical intervention type. The pedagogical intervention was carried out in a private school in the municipality of Olinda - PE. The research subjects were 26 students from the 3rd grade of secondary school. The intervention was applied in two stages, subdivided into three classes: one class in stage 1 and two classes in stage 2. The methodological stages for the development of the research were: intervention method (stage 1); intervention evaluation method (stage 2). From the analysis we can say that: the students expressed different perceptions of frevo, focused on frevo as a dance, culture and expression; the majority of students, in their previous conceptions, understood that dancing favors the release of hormones, such as dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, endorphin and adrenaline, however, they did not know how to chemically explain the relationship between frevo dancing and the biochemistry of hormones; no progress was made in the students' understanding of the relationship between frevo dancing and the biochemistry of hormones when they produced parodies as an assessment activity.Item Análise de compreensões de estudantes no contexto de uma intervenção didática fundamentada em pressupostos freirianos para o ensino de termoquímica(2023-09-11) Souza, Nívea Galdino de; Firme, Ruth do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7234636790850019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2969100250409863In the middle of the 21st century, there is an increasing search for a more inclusive, emancipatory and relevant education for students and their communities. It is with this perspective that the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the Freirean perspective were adopted in this study. Freire's views on education are inspiring, motivational and challenging. In this perspective, this study aims to analyze students' understandings in the context of a didactic intervention based on Freire's assumptions for the teaching of Thermochemistry, this objective being detailed in three specific objectives: to identify students' previous conceptions about thermochemical concepts and related issues with fires; analyze changes in students' understanding of thermochemical concepts and fire-related issues; and to evaluate the students' perceptions about the didactic intervention experienced by them. As for the methodological aspects, this study was qualitative, developed in a private school located in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão, with the participation of 37 students and was conducted through five methodological steps, namely: study of the assumptions of pedagogy freiriana (first stage); elaboration of the didactic intervention (second stage); application of didactic intervention (third stage); data organization (fourth step); data analysis (fifth stage). As for the students' previous conceptions about thermochemical concepts and about questions related to fires, the analyzes showed previous misconceptions, incomplete and/or coherent from the scientific point of view, such as, for example, understandings of chemical reaction as mixtures and understandings that consider that fires cannot occur spontaneously. Regarding the evolutions in students' understanding of thermochemical concepts and issues related to fires, the analyzes bring evidence, for example, of understandings of the occurrence of fires due to the reaction between oxygen and fuel to release energy in the form of heat and understandings of the concept of heat as energy in motion. That is, these results are evidence that students have evolved in their understanding of the occurrence of fires and the concept of heat. And regarding the students' evaluation of the didactic intervention based on Freire's assumptions developed with them, the evidence identified in the analyzes was related to the didactic intervention being nontiring, dynamic, fun, with the potential for things to make sense, for participation of students, to learn Chemistry from real situations.Item O uso do jogo do tipo escape como ferramenta didática e suas contribuições na construção e avaliação do conhecimento químico no ensino médio(2023-09-22) Chagas, Emmanuel Gutemberg de Araújo; Leite, Bruno Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932752031807872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3302014371624686Gamification emerges as a proposal to incorporate game elements in contexts outside of games. Thus, this study aims to analyze, based on the students' experience, the potentialities of the Digital Escape Room (DER) in chemistry teaching as an assessment tool and its contributions to the teaching and learning process and the construction of chemical knowledge for first-year high school students, at a private school in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), through a review of the contents of states of matter, atomic models, chemical elements and their properties, quantum numbers, molecular geometry, inorganic functions, and equation balancing. In this way, we seek to answer the following question: How can gamification through the application of DER-type games contribute to the teaching-learning process and the construction of chemical knowledge for first-year high school students? This objective is based on the understanding that the use of tools, such as games, has the function of attracting and engaging students and filling the gaps resulting from a rigid education that we are currently experiencing. The research is framed in the methodological field as qualitative, with a descriptive nature, based on data analysis. The study developed is based on some relevant concepts of the theoretical context, namely: playfulness, digital technologies, digital games, assessment, and High School. The experience of the class was collected, observed, and analyzed through a questionnaire prepared via Google Forms. This study involved 16 students from the school, of which 87% responded to the form. Through data analysis, it was possible to favorably determine the potential and contributions of DER as a didactic and assessment tool. The study data point to the need for preparation to ensure better immersion, as perceived in the students' statements.Item O uso do Instagram como um recurso facilitador no ensino de Química para o Ensino Médio(2023-09-11) Lopes, André Bezerra Amorim; Leite, Bruno Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932752031807872The broad development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and, later, Digital Information and Communication Technologies (TDIC), in Education has made significant advances, making the teaching and learning process more effective and efficient. Such technologies have also allowed students (users in general) to access information and resources more quickly and easily, learn in a more collaborative and personalized way, and develop skills for the 21st century. Social networks have become popular among young people, most of them are registered on at least one of them. Instagram has presented itself as an educational resource for teaching Chemistry shared by profiles of teachers and science enthusiasts. Given this range of shared digital material, the following research presented aims to analyze the Instagram profile @quimica.massa through an explanatory qualitative approach as a resource to facilitate the teaching of Chemistry in High School through the use of memes, images and videos that accompany the subjects covered in the classroom.Item Formação de professoras e professores e conteúdos cordiais: a educação em Direitos Humanos é uma necessidade formativa na Licenciatura em Química?(2023-09-18) Santos, Ismael Lucas dos; Simões Neto, José Euzébio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560726840212196; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7423784204105582Este trabajo se desarrolló como parte de un proyecto más amplio, denominado “Movimientos formativos para la enseñanza de la Química”, que tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el papel que juegan las carreras de Licenciatura en Química en la formación de profesores en relación con temas y tendencias actuales Del conocimiento de la Enseñanza de la Química. Así, con el enfoque desarrollado em este trabajo, buscamos agregar a los resultados del proyecto en pantalla una mirada a una de las dos carreras de Licenciatura en Química de la UFRPE, ubicada en la ciudad de Recife, para comprender cómo los documentos institucionales básicos, la representación docente y la representación de egresados entienden la relación entre la Enseñanza de la Química y la Educación en Derechos Humanos como uma necesidad de formación docente, con enfoque en el enfoque de Contenidos Cordiales. Para ello, nos anclamos en un sesgo de investigación cualitativa, con uma metodología dividida en dos grandes momentos, a saber: investigación documental y entrevistas narrativas. En la primera parte, a partir del análisis de contenido de Bardin, realizamos un estudio comparativo entre los dos principales documentos oficiales vigentes en la Licenciatura en Química, el PPC iniciado en 2010, en fase de finalización, y el más reciente, 2020, con el propósito de reconocer cómo la Educación en Derechos Humanos encuentra institucionalmente un lugar en la estructura formativa, considerando el diálogo con la Enseñanza de la Química. Luego, en la segunda parte, desarrollamos dos instrumentos de entrevista narrativa, uno centrado en docentes y el otro en estudiantes graduados. Luego invitamos a tres representantes de cada clase, quienes respondieron al instrumento, con el objetivo de comprender cómo las personas que crearon el curso perciben y organizan sus experiencias y si la Educación en Derechos Humanos fue abordada como una necesidad de manera efectiva dentro del curso.Item Abordagem da história da Química nas teorias ácido base nos livros didáticos do PNLD 2018(2023-09-20) Ferreira, Gabrielly Simões; Leite, Bruno Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932752031807872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2558554946002483The concepts of acids and bases are of great interest in chemistry, however, the approach to this topic is being seen in a distorted way without considering the context of its development, which ends up causing generalizations in its understanding, which causes a misunderstanding of these concepts. by the students. One of the main generalizations is the approach found in textbooks, which do not take into account the historical context in which these concepts were inserted, thus, the importance of evaluating the history of science in Chemistry textbooks is worth considering as a way of aiding teaching. of these concepts. Acids and bases have been known since antiquity and, over time, scholars tried to define them, a consequence of which were the great scientific contributions to the sciences, such as those of Boyle, Joseph Black, Lavoisier, and many other names, until reaching the most current definitions for acids and bases. Therefore, the objective of this work is to evaluate the inclusion of the history of Science in the content of acids and bases in the PNLD 2018 Chemistry textbooks. The methodology for evaluating the works consisted of three categories: Quantity of historical content, approach and quality of historical information. In addition to analyzing four criteria: anecdotal stories; linearity, absence of the broader historical context and consensuality. Among the books evaluated, some do not present historical content, and those that do, for the most part, are presented in a minimal and unsatisfactory way. In only one of the works does the historical content satisfy, in relation to the inclusion of the history of chemistry in the teaching of acid/base concepts, in addition to the distorted views on science appearing frequently in the LDQ of the PNLD 2018. The PNLD points to the history of Science as a fundamental characteristic that must be included in textbooks, however, this does not occur satisfactorily and, despite there being broader definitions regarding the topic, Arrhenius' definitions are the most used or the only one covered in PNLD chemistry textbooks. 2018.Item O conteúdo enzimas no ensino de Química: um panorama das propostas difundidas em periódicos nacionais(2023-09-21) Silva, Viviane Oliveira da; Marcelino Júnior, Cristiano de Almeida Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7518586937701331The research carried out was documentary, descriptive and exploratory in nature, and approaches investigations into the state of knowledge with the main objective of offering a panoramic view of an important part of Brazilian academic production on the teaching of enzymes content, through the analysis of published articles in some of the main national journals in which the Chemical Education community disseminates the results of its studies. Articles published in 12 (twelve) journals with Qualis CAPES were adopted as primary documents. The methodological path was designed in line with Morosini's perspective, following the steps of the annotated, systematized, categorized and propositional bibliography. Of a total of 8,303 articles consulted, 56 dealt with enzymes, but only 13 (thirteen) constituted the research corpus, as they were aimed at teaching enzymes. A content analysis allowed the establishment of categorization of the findings. These works are preferably aimed at Higher Education, 10 articles, while 4 articles are aimed at Secondary Education and 2 at Technological Education; 3 works propose activities aimed at more than one level of education. The main genres of work are: i) educational research: 4 articles; ii) development of experimental activity: 7 articles; and iii) report of teaching experience, 2 articles. Experimentation is the main theme in 10 of the articles investigated – 9 on enzyme activity and 1 on enzyme properties, while modeling is the theme in the other 3 articles. The contents covered are enzymatic activity (catalysis), inhibition and inactivation; enzyme functions; and enzyme-substrate model. In the articles, the relationship between experimentation + enzymatic activity (9) is prioritized, when compared to the other categories: modeling + enzyme-substrate model (3) and experimentation + properties (1). Activities with low-cost experiments, both aimed at Higher Education and Secondary Education, are the main teaching strategies used. Modeling with 3D or computational models is also used, as well as video classes with simulated experiments and an adapted educational game. It is also important to invest in the development of proposals that consider training processes at different levels of Chemistry education, including higher education. In this sense, it is necessary to encourage the provision of training moments that stimulate discussions and reflections in the teaching and training of teachers, and other professionals, on computational modeling for didactic purposes. In association with these aspects, a field of interest that still lacks action is non-face-to-face teaching. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage the development of studies and the production of teaching instruments/products on enzyme content for virtual teaching, mainly with the resources of Digital Information and Communication Technologies. It is also important to encourage the development of strategies that are options for experimentation and modeling.Item Estudo teórico de faixas de Möbius moleculares(2023-09-18) Nascimento, Murilo Assunção do; Bastos, Cristiano Costa; Silva, Luiz Carlos Barbosa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1481188647500485; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6385190604693576; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6391945509254633Several mathematical applications have been studied in many contexts. One of these cases is the application of differential geometry to molecular systems. The study of nanostructures and their use has gained more and more space. In this work, we apply Da Costa’s formalism, in which by applying a confining potential dependent on the mean curvature and Gaussian curvature of the structure studied, we restrict the movement of the particle on the surface, to the Möbius strip to study the variation of electronic and structural properties based on geometric variations and compare them with computational results. We found that as the size of a strip decreases, the greater the variations in properties will be for lower stability, lower conductivity, and lower reactivity, the greater the number of twists.